Extended Data Fig. 4: Results of archaeobotanical analyses.

a, Pollen diagram from Latnija archaeological site, with percentage values of pollen remains identified from contexts (034) and (048). b, The deep Mesolithic hearth from Phase V, square N2, with sample locations for phytolith and FTIR studies. The internal structure of the hearth can be observed, from top to bottom, combustion residue, thermal impact and natural substrate (control). c, ESEM images of Pistacia cf. lentiscus and Juniperus sp. charcoal remains showing wood anatomical characters: (i) Juniperus sp. charcoal fragment tangential section; (ii) Juniperus sp. charcoal fragment tangential section showing rays and tracheids; (iii) Juniperus sp. charcoal fragment tangential section showing a detail of tracheid pits; (iv) Pistacia cf. lentiscus charcoal fragment transverse section showing ring porous distribution and vessel clusters; (v) Pistacia cf. lentiscus charcoal fragment tangential section showing spiral thickenings and biseriated rays; (vi) Pistacia sp. charcoal fragment transverse section showing cracks and vitrification altering the wood cell structure.