Fig. 5: Support for trait-module genes in diverse datasets.
From: Assessment of network module identification across complex diseases
a, Example module from the consensus analysis in the STRING protein–protein interaction network (force-directed graph layout). The module is associated to height (n = 25 genes, FDR-corrected Pascal P = 0.005, see Methods). Color indicates Pascal GWAS gene scores (Methods). The module includes genes that are genome-wide significant (magenta and pink) as well as genes that do not reach the genome-wide significance threshold, but are predicted to be involved in height due to their module membership (blue and gray). b, Member genes of the height-associated module are supported by independent datasets: 24% of module genes are implicated in monogenic skeletal growth disorders (red squares, enrichment P = 7.5 × 10−4 (one-sided Fisher’s exact test)) and 28% of module genes have coding variants associated to height in an ExomeChip study published after the challenge32 (black diamonds, enrichment P = 1.9 × 10−6). The form of this module follows its function: two submodules comprise proteins involved in collagen fibril (yellow) and elastic fiber formation (green), while the proteins that link these submodules (orange) indeed have the biological function of crosslinking collagen fibril and elastic fibers.
