Figure 3

Simulated time evolution of number of transaction partners. Each mark shows size of 1st (red), 2nd (green), top 0.1% (blue), top 1% (light blue), top 10% (violet) and top 50% (yellow) in semilog plot. (a,b) Examples of simulated time series with initially N 0 = 100,000 firms using empirically observed parameter-sets (λ, α, β) for the years of 1994 and 2014, respectively. (c) Time series of Japanese inter-firm business transactions network from 1994 to 2014, and simulated time evolution of that from 2015 to 2035 using the parameter-set of 2014.