Table 2 Ingestion, inhalation, and dermal contact exposure risks of eight heavy metals in PM1.0 and PM2.5 in Harbin City.
Elements | ADDIng (mg‧kg−1·d−1) | ADDderm (mg·kg−1·d−1) | ADDInh (mg·kg−1·d−1) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Children | Females | Males | Children | Females | Males | Children | Females | Males | |
Cr | 1.33 × 10–2 | 1.83 × 10–3 | 1.77 × 10–3 | 7.16 × 10–5 | 4.88 × 10–5 | 5.23 × 10–5 | 9.26 × 10–8 | 1.92 × 10–7 | 2.22 × 10–7 |
Ni | 2.62 × 10–3 | 3.61 × 10–4 | 3.50 × 10–4 | 1.41 × 10–5 | 9.65 × 10–6 | 1.03 × 10–5 | 1.83 × 10–8 | 3.79 × 10–8 | 4.38 × 10–8 |
Cd | 1.21 × 10–3 | 1.67 × 10–4 | 1.61 × 10–4 | 6.52 × 10–7 | 4.45 × 10–7 | 4.77 × 10–7 | 8.44 × 10–9 | 1.75 × 10–8 | 2.20 × 10–8 |
Co | 5.71 × 10–4 | 7.87 × 10–5 | 7.62 × 10–5 | 3.08 × 10–6 | 2.10 × 10–6 | 2.25 × 10–6 | 3.99 × 10–9 | 8.25 × 10–9 | 9.54 × 10–9 |
Pb | 2.14 × 10–2 | 2.95 × 10–3 | 2.56 × 10–3 | 4.62 × 10–3 | 7.89 × 10–4 | 7.56 × 10–4 | 1.50 × 10–7 | 3.10 × 10–7 | 3.58 × 10–7 |
Cu | 1.13 × 10–2 | 1.56 × 10–3 | 1.35 × 10–3 | 2.44 × 10–4 | 4.17 × 10–5 | 3.99 × 10–5 | 7.90 × 10–8 | 1.64 × 10–7 | 1.89 × 10–7 |
Zn | 6.73 × 10–2 | 9.28 × 10–3 | 8.05 × 10–3 | 1.45 × 10–3 | 2.48 × 10–4 | 2.38 × 10–4 | 4.70 × 10–7 | 9.74 × 10–7 | 1.13 × 10–6 |
Mn | 1.05 × 10–2 | 1.45 × 10–3 | 1.26 × 10–3 | 2.27 × 10–4 | 3.88 × 10–5 | 3.72 × 10–5 | 7.35 × 10–8 | 1.52 × 10–7 | 1.76 × 10–7 |
Σ | 1.28 × 10–1 | 1.77 × 10–2 | 1.56 × 10–2 | 6.64 × 10–3 | 1.18 × 10–3 | 1.14 × 10–3 | 8.96 × 10–7 | 1.85 × 10–6 | 2.14 × 10–6 |
