Figure 3

bpV(HOpic) reduces radiation induced DNA-DSBs and cytogenetic damage in NIH-3T3 cells. (A) Representative images of γ-H₂AX foci formation in NIH-3T3 cells pretreated with 100 nmol/L bpV(HOpic) 1 h prior to 4 Gy IR exposure. The number of γ-H₂AX foci per cell were scored and minimum 100 cells from each group replicate were scored. (B) Representative photomicrographs of 53BP-1 foci formation assay in HEK cells pretreated with 100 nmol/L bpV(HOpic) 1 h before IR exposure. Cells were stably transfected with GFP tagged 53BP-1 and were grown on coverslips. At 48 h post IR exposure, 53BP-1 foci were observed under a fluorescent microscope, and average foci per cell were scored. (C) IR induced cytogenetic damage (micronuclei fraction) in bpV(HOpic) (100 nmol/L) pretreated NIH-3T3 cells. (D) NIH-3T3 cells were pretreated with bpV(HOpic) 1 h before irradiation, and whole-cell lysates at 1-h post IR exposure were subjected to immunoblotting for indicated proteins. Error bars are mean ± SD (n = 4) from two independent experiments. # = IR vs unirradiated control (p < 0.01); *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01.