Table 1 Characteristics associated with disproportionate left atrial myopathy in PROMIS-HFpEF.

From: Disproportionate left atrial myopathy in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction among participants of the PROMIS-HFpEF study

Characteristic

PROMIS-HFpEF cohort (n = 241)

β coefficient (SE)

P value

Age, year

75 (70–81)

0.04 (0.01)

< 0.001

Male sex, n (%)

107 (45)

0.19 (0.13)

0.14

White race, n (%)

209 (87)

0.84 (0.30)

0.006

NYHA class III/IV

61 (25.6)

− 0.006 (0.15)

0.97

Comorbidities

Hypertension, n (%)

198 (83)

− 0.09 (0.17)

0.59

Diabetes, n (%)

63 (26)

0.09 (0.15)

0.54

Hyperlipidemia, n (%)

128 (53)

− 0.26 (0.13)

0.04

Atrial fibrillation, n (%)

99 (41.1)

1.20 (0.11)

< 0.001

ASCVD, n (%)

100 (42)

3.8 × 10–3 (0.13)

0.98

Never Smokers

77 (32)

− 0.13 (0.14)

0.38

Chronic kidney disease, n (%)

126 (52)

0.27 (0.13)

0.04

Pacemaker or ICD, n (%)

41 (17)

− 0.05 (0.17)

0.77

Vital signs, physical characteristics, and laboratory data

Body mass index, kg/m2

28.0 (24.4–32.5)

− 0.02 (0.01)

0.008

Heart rate, bpm

68 (60–78)

0.006 (0.005)

0.23

SBP, mmHg

139 (127–152)

0.002 (0.003)

0.57

DBP, mmHg

77 (68–85)

0.02 (0.01)

0.002

Waist circumference, cm

100 (89–113)

− 0.002 (0.004)

0.61

NT-proBNP, pg/mL

960 (365–1770)

0.36 (0.05)

< 0.001

Sodium, mEq/L

140 (138–142)

0.04 (0.02)

0.12

Potassium, mEq/L

4.2 (3.9–4.5)

0.26 (0.15)

0.09

Creatinine, mg/dL

1.06 (0.86–1.35)

0.31 (0.20)

0.12

Glomerular filtration rate, mL/min/1.73 m2

58.7 (45.6–69.7)

− 0.29 (0.18)

0.12

Troponin T, ng/mL

13.0 (10.0–21.1)

0.17 (0.06)

0.007

Hemoglobin A1c, %

41 (38–49)

0.08 (0.31)

0.80

Urine albumin-to-creatinine ratio, mg/g

3.1 (1.3–9.7)

0.13 (0.07)

0.07

6-min walk distance, m

332 (210–412)

− 0.15 (0.12)

0.21

Change in heart rate from baseline in response to adenosine, bpm

17 (9–28)

− 0.002 (0.004)

0.62

Medications

Loop diuretic, n (%)

130 (54)

0.01 (0.13)

0.13

Thiazide diuretic, n (%)

26 (11)

− 0.13 (0.21)

0.54

Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, n (%)

69 (29)

− 0.06 (0.14)

0.67

ACE inhibitor, n (%)

71 (30)

0.07 (0.14)

0.62

ARB, n (%)

102 (42)

0.03 (0.13)

0.80

  1. Continuous variables are reported as median (interquartile range).
  2. ACE angiotensin converting enzyme, ARB angiotensin receptor blocker, ASCVD atherosclerotic vascular disease, DBP diastolic blood pressure, GFR glomerular filtrate rate; ICD implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide, NYHA New York Heart Association, SBP systolic blood pressure, UACR urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio.
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