Table 3 Association between AMD and overall, specific, and concurrent allergic diseases.

From: Age-related macular degeneration and premorbid allergic diseases: a population-based case–control study

 

Non-AMD

N = 43,644

AMD

N = 10,911

Crude OR (95% CI)

Adjusted ORa (95% CI)

n (%)

n (%)

Men and women combined

Allergic diseases, overall

14,619 (33.5)

4961 (45.5)

1.66 (1.59–1.73)

1.54 (1.47–1.61)

Allergic conjunctivitis

3817 (8.75)

1967 (18.0)

2.29 (2.16–2.43)

2.07 (1.94–2.20)

Allergic rhinitis

8327 (19.1)

2872 (26.3)

1.52 (1.44–1.59)

1.32 (1.25–1.39)

Asthma

5909 (13.5)

1740 (16.0)

1.21 (1.14–1.28)

0.99 (0.93–1.06)

Atopic dermatitis

1533 (3.51)

457 (4.19)

1.20 (1.08–1.34)

1.04 (0.94–1.17)

Men

Allergic diseases, overall

6706 (30.7)

2368 (43.3)

1.73 (1.62–1.83)

1.60 (1.50–1.70)

Allergic conjunctivitis

1246 (5.70)

745 (13.6)

2.61 (2.37–2.87)

2.20 (2.00–2.43)

Allergic rhinitis

4032 (18.5)

1482 (27.1)

1.64 (1.53–1.76)

1.40 (1.30–1.51)

Asthma

2817 (12.9)

859 (15.7)

1.26 (1.16–1.37)

1.02 (0.94–1.12)

Atopic dermatitis

714 (3.27)

235 (4.30)

1.33 (1.14–1.55)

1.13 (0.97–1.32)

Women

Allergic diseases, overall

7913 (36.3)

2593 (47.6)

1.60 (1.50–1.70)

1.48 (1.39–1.58)

Allergic conjunctivitis

2571 (11.8)

1222 (22.5)

2.17 (2.01–2.34)

1.98 (1.84–2.14)

Allergic rhinitis

4295 (19.7)

1390 (25.5)

1.40 (1.30–1.50)

1.23 (1.14–1.33)

Asthma

3092 (14.2)

881 (16.2)

1.17 (1.08–1.27)

0.97 (0.89–1.06)

Atopic dermatitis

819 (3.76)

222 (4.08)

1.09 (0.94–1.27)

0.97 (0.83–1.13)

Concurrent allergic disease

0

29,025 (66.5)

5950 (54.5)

1.00

1.00

1

10,352 (23.7)

3260 (29.9)

1.54 (1.46–1.61)

1.54 (1.46–1.61)

≥ 2

4267 (9.78)

1701 (15.6)

1.95 (1.83–2.07)

1.94 (1.82–2.07)

p for trend

  

< 0.001

< 0.001

  1. AMD age-related macular degeneration, CI confidence interval, OR odds ratio.
  2. aModel was adjusted for sex, age, urbanization level, occupation category, monthly income, and comorbidities of hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and obesity.