Figure 1 | Scientific Reports

Figure 1

From: Autophagy and mitophagy-related extracellular mitochondrial dysfunction of cerebrospinal fluid cells in patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease

Figure 1

Comparison of flow cytometry analysis results CSF cells between adult patients with hemorrhagic moyamoya disease (MMD) and control subjects (A) and neurological outcome in MMD patients (B) using MitoTracker Red CMXRos (200 nM). Differences in the number of mitochondrial cells (C) and mitochondrial membrane potential using the JC-1 red/green ratio (D) according to outcomes. Representative images of transmission electron microscopy illustrating mitochondrial dysfunction in the CSF cells of hemorrhagic MMD patients with good and poor outcomes. Damaged mitochondria and autophagic vacuoles with matrix swelling and collapsed cristae were observed more frequently in poor-outcome patients (E,F) than in good-outcome patients (G,H). Nu nucleus, Mt mitochondria, Ly lysosome, AV autophagic vesicle, Mt* damaged mitochondria, Mt*/Ly fusion of autophagic vacuoles with damaged mitochondria. Scale bar = 2 μm.

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