Table 1 Gene composition of A. crispa chloroplast genome
Gene function | Gene type | Gene names | Number |
|---|---|---|---|
Self-replication | Ribosomal RNAs | rrn4.5(× 2), rrn5(× 2), rrn16(× 2), rrn23(× 2) | 8 |
Transfer RNAs | trnA-UGC*(× 2), trnC-GCA, trnD-GUC, trnE-UUC, trnF-GAA, trnG-GCC, trnG-UCC*, trnH-GUG, trnI-CAU(× 2), trnI-GAU*(× 2), trnK-UUU*, trnL-CAA(× 2), trnL-UAA*, trnL-UAG, trnM-CAU, trnN-GUU(× 2), trnP-UGG, trnQ-UUG, trnR-ACG(× 2), trnR-UCU, trnS-GCU, trnS-GGA, trnS-UGA, trnT-GGU, trnT-UGU, trnV-GAC(× 2), trnV-UAC*, trnW-CCA, trnY-GUA, trnfM-CAU | 37 | |
Proteins of small ribosomal subunit | rps11, rps12**(× 2), rps14, rps15, rps16*, rps18, rps19, rps2, rps3, rps4, rps7(× 2), rps8 | 14 | |
Proteins of large ribosomal subunit | rpl14, rpl16*, rpl2*(× 2), rpl20, rpl22, rpl32, rpl33, rpl36 | 9 | |
Subunits of RNA polymerase | rpoA, rpoB, rpoC1*, rpoC2 | 4 | |
Photosynthesis | Subunits of photosystem I | psaA, psaB, psaC, psaI, psaJ | 5 |
Subunits of photosystem II | psbA, psbB, psbC, psbD, psbE, psbF, psbH, psbI, psbJ, psbK, psbL, psbM, psbN, psbT, psbZ | 15 | |
Subunits of cytochrome b/f complex | petA, petB*, petD*, petG, petL, petN | 6 | |
Subunits of ATP synthase | atpA, atpB, atpE, atpF*, atpH, atpI | 6 | |
Protease | clpP** | 1 | |
Large subunit of rubisco | rbcL | 1 | |
NADH dehydrogenase subunit | ndhA*, ndhB*(× 2), ndhC, ndhD, ndhE、ndhF, ndhG, ndhH, ndhI, ndhJ, ndhK | 12 | |
Other genes | Maturase | matK | 1 |
Envelope membrane protein | cemA | 1 | |
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase | accD | 1 | |
c-type cytochrome synthesis gene | ccsA | 1 | |
Translation initiation factor | InfA | 1 | |
Genes of unknown function | Conserved hypothetical chloroplast ORF | ycf1, ycf15(× 2), ycf2(× 2), ycf3**, ycf4, ycf68 | 8 |
