Figure 1

‘Impaired IL-10 response’ and ‘Severity score’ analysis in different COVID-19 outcome groups. (A) (ΔCt IL-10–12.5) and (ΔCt OAS3-9) were plotted in X and Y axis respectively. If the (x,y) quadrant of a representing a sample, fall on the lower right quadrant of the plot area will have ΔCt IL-10 > 12.5 and ΔCt OAS3 < 9. This area is considered as zone of “impaired IL 10”. After plotting if a sample values fall on this area the sample is considered have “impaired IL-10”. Distribution of “impaired IL-10 response” in non comorbid moderate/severe (1), comorbid moderate/severe (II) and combined moderate/severe COVID-19 outcome groups relative to asymptomatic/mild groups. The points indicating different groups are indicated in the figure with respective colour code. (B) Receiver operator characteristics (ROC) curves of ‘Severity Score’ for evaluating its performance as prognostic test for identifying the clinical outcome groups which may give best separation from the corresponding control groups. (I) ROC curve for evaluating separation of moderate COVID-19 group (group 3) from asymptomatic/mild group (group 1 + 2), (II) ROC curve for evaluating separation of Asymptomatic/mild/moderate (group 1 + 2 + 3) COVID-19 group from non COVID-19 corona virus infection(common cold) (group6), (III) ROC curve for evaluating separation of all severe/critical COVID-19 group (group 4 + 5) from non-severe groups (group 1 + 2 + 3), (IV) ROC curve for evaluating separation of severe/critical COVID-19 group without comorbidity (group 4) from non-severe groups without comorbidity (group 1 + 2 + 3a). (V) & (VI): Determining Cut-points to maximize Youden's J and test Efficiency. (V) Cut off for prediction of all severe/critical COVID-19 group (group 4 + 5) from non-severe groups (group 1 + 2 + 3), (VI): Cut off for prediction of severe/critical COVID-19 group without comorbidity (group 4) from non-severe groups without comorbidity (group 1 + 2 + 3a). AUC: Area under ROC curve; CI: Confidence Interval. Red diagonal line indicates true positive rate (Sensitivity) and false positive rate (1-Specificity) are equal (AUC:0.5) suggesting no prognostic value. (C) Dot plot showing distribution of Severity Score in the spectrum of COVID-19 outcome. Black dashed line indicate cut off point of the Severity Score determined by Cut-points to maximise Youden's J and test Efficiency. Asymptomatic: Group1 cases, Mild: Mild symptomatic without requirement of O₂, Moderate: cases required O₂ but treated in general facility or at home (Group 3), Severe/critical with no comorbidity: treated in ICU or death due to COVID-19 irrespective of treatment and having no comorbidity (group 4), Severe/critical with comorbidity: treated in ICU or death due to COVID-19 irrespective of treatment and having comorbidity (group 5), Non-COVID-19 common cold symptom: symptomatic non-COVID-19 corona virus positive as diagnosed by corona virus E gene positive by RT PCR (Group 6). Green circle: patients who survived, blue circle: patients who died due to COVID-19, yellow circle: patients who survived with ventilator support, brown circle: patients who died due with COVID-19 and having chronic kidney disease (CKD).