Fig. 2

Polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) downregulates the expression of catabolic markers and upregulates that of an anabolic marker in an IL-1β-induced inflammatory microenvironment. (A) mRNA expression of catabolic and anabolic genes was determined using qRT-PCR; GAPDH used for normalization. (B) Expression of catabolic and anabolic proteins was measured using western blot analysis. (C) Densitometry analysis of the protein bands shown in (B) using the ImageJ software. Results are means ± SDs. n = 3; *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001. (A,C) P-values were determined using a one-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni post hoc tests.