Table 1 Two-sample Mendelian randomization estimates for the association between sleep traits and risk of colorectal, colon, proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal cancer in both sexes combined and in sex-stratified analyses.

From: Mendelian randomization study of sleep traits and risk of colorectal cancer

Exposure		Chronotype			Frequent insomnia symptoms			Any insomnia symptoms			Insomnia—Jansen et al. (2019)			Sleep duration
Outcome	Method	GVs	OR (95% CI)	P	GVs	OR (95% CI)	P	GVs	OR (95% CI)	P	GVs	OR (95% CI)	P	GVs	OR (95% CI)	P
Colorectal cancer, Males	IVW random-effects model	289	0.87 (0.78, 0.97)	0.01	38	0.99 (0.65, 1.51)	0.96	NA	NA	NA	190	1.03 (0.94, 1.12)	0.53	76	0.850 (0.663, 1.088)	0.20
	Weighted median method		0.91 (0.79, 1.05)	0.20		1.04 (0.58, 1.89)	0.89		NA	NA		0.94 (0.83, 1.07)	0.37		1.003 (0.728, 1.381)	0.99
	MR-Egger method		0.92 (0.69, 1.23)	0.56		0.34 (0.07, 1.66)	0.18		NA	NA		0.81 (0.61, 1.07)	0.14		0.760 (0.336, 1.721)	0.51
Colorectal cancer, Females	IVW random-effects model	290	0.99 (0.89, 1.09)	0.78	38	1.04 (0.61, 1.77)	0.89	NA	NA	NA	190	0.99 (0.93, 1.06)	0.85	76	0.960 (0.743, 1.240)	0.75
	Weighted median method		0.95 (0.82, 1.09)	0.44		0.71 (0.36, 1.37)	0.31		NA	NA		0.94 (0.86, 1.04)	0.24		1.246 (0.915, 1.697)	0.16
	MR-Egger method		0.77 (0.60, 0.99)	0.04		0.34 (0.05, 2.24)	0.26		NA	NA		1.12 (0.86, 1.47)	0.40		0.842 (0.359, 1.973)	0.69
Colorectal cancer	IVW random-effects model	290	0.97 (0.92, 1.02)	0.19	38	1.01 (0.90, 1.13)	0.87	38	1.01 (0.90, 1.13)	0.88	190	1.02 (0.99, 1.06)	0.25	76	0.998 (0.995, 1.001)	0.27
	Weighted median method		0.96 (0.90, 1.02)	0.16		1.02 (0.87, 1.19)	0.85		1.01 (0.86, 1.19)	0.89		1.02 (0.97, 1.08)	0.38		0.998 (0.994, 1.002)	0.29
	MR-Egger method		0.95 (0.83, 1.08)	0.42		0.81 (0.54, 1.20)	0.29		0.81 (0.54, 1.20)	0.29		1.13 (0.98, 1.31)	0.09		0.995 (0.983, 1.007)	0.41
Colon cancer, Males	IVW random-effects model	289	0.86 (0.76, 0.98)	0.02	38	0.97 (0.57, 1.63)	0.90	NA	NA	NA	190	1.03 (0.90, 1.18)	0.63	76	0.900 (0.674, 1.201)	0.47
	Weighted median method		0.95 (0.80, 1.14)	0.61		1.01 (0.48, 2.14)	0.98		NA	NA		0.93 (0.79, 1.08)	0.33		1.133 (0.757, 1.695)	0.54
	MR-Egger method		0.97 (0.69, 1.37)	0.87		0.41 (0.06, 2.91)	0.37		NA	NA		0.75 (0.49, 1.13)	0.17		0.872 (0.336, 2.260)	0.78
Colon cancer, Females	IVW random-effects model	290	1.03 (0.92, 1.15)	0.62	38	1.04 (0.57, 1.92)	0.89	NA	NA	NA	190	1.00 (0.92, 1.08)	0.93	76	0.946 (0.716, 1.250)	0.70
	Weighted median method		1.07 (0.91, 1.26)	0.43		1.23 (0.57, 2.65)	0.61		NA	NA		0.94 (0.84, 1.05)	0.31		0.972 (0.680, 1.388)	0.88
	MR-Egger method		0.80 (0.60, 1.08)	0.15		0.32 (0.04, 2.75)	0.30		NA	NA		1.08 (0.78, 1.49)	0.63		0.691 (0.276, 1.731)	0.43
Colon cancer	IVW random-effects model	290	0.98 (0.93, 1.04)	0.50	38	1.01 (0.87, 1.17)	0.92	38	1.01 (0.87, 1.17)	0.93	190	1.03 (0.98, 1.08)	0.24	76	0.999 (0.995, 1.002)	0.45
	Weighted median method		1.00 (0.93, 1.08)	0.91		1.07 (0.88, 1.29)	0.51		1.06 (0.87, 1.28)	0.58		1.04 (0.98, 1.11)	0.18		1.001 (0.996, 1.005)	0.82
	MR-Egger method		0.99 (0.85, 1.15)	0.91		0.75 (0.45, 1.25)	0.27		0.75 (0.45, 1.23)	0.26		1.11 (0.93, 1.34)	0.25		0.993 (0.980, 1.006)	0.28
Proximal colon cancer	IVW random-effects model	290	0.99 (0.93, 1.06)	0.82	38	0.97 (0.81, 1.16)	0.77	38	0.97 (0.81, 1.16)	0.75	190	1.02 (0.96, 1.09)	0.50	76	0.998 (0.995, 1.002)	0.34
	Weighted median method		1.01 (0.92, 1.11)	0.76		1.02 (0.80, 1.30)	0.87		1.01 (0.80, 1.29)	0.92		1.06 (0.98, 1.15)	0.13		0.999 (0.993, 1.004)	0.63
	MR-Egger method		1.01 (0.83, 1.21)	0.95		0.46 (0.26, 0.84)	0.01		0.47 (0.26, 0.84)	0.01		1.06 (0.83, 1.35)	0.63		0.993 (0.979, 1.007)	0.30
Distal colon cancer	IVW random-effects model	290	0.98 (0.91, 1.05)	0.60	38	1.13 (0.94, 1.36)	0.20	38	1.13 (0.93, 1.36)	0.21	190	1.03 (0.98, 1.09)	0.27	76	0.998 (0.994, 1.003)	0.50
	Weighted median method		1.00 (0.91, 1.10)	0.98		1.30 (1.01, 1.66)	0.04		1.26 (0.98, 1.62)	0.07		1.04 (0.96, 1.13)	0.35		0.998 (0.993, 1.004)	0.58
	MR-Egger method		0.97 (0.80, 1.19)	0.79		1.35 (0.70, 2.63)	0.37		1.29 (0.67, 2.49)	0.45		1.12 (0.90, 1.39)	0.32		0.992 (0.975, 1.008)	0.32
Rectal cancer, Males	IVW random-effects model	289	0.87 (0.75, 1.00)	0.06	38	0.88 (0.47, 1.65)	0.70	NA	NA	NA	190	1.05 (0.92, 1.20)	0.44	76	0.698 (0.497, 0.982)	0.04
	Weighted median method		0.84 (0.68, 1.04)	0.12		0.94 (0.39, 2.26)	0.89		NA	NA		0.99 (0.83, 1.18)	0.90		0.799 (0.497, 1.284)	0.35
	MR-Egger method		0.81 (0.55, 1.20)	0.30		1.05 (0.10, 11.03)	0.97		NA	NA		0.96 (0.63, 1.47)	0.87		0.895 (0.291, 2.759)	0.85
Rectal cancer, Females	IVW random-effects model	290	0.94 (0.81, 1.09)	0.43	38	1.34 (0.59, 3.06)	0.48	NA	NA	NA	190	1.06 (0.95, 1.17)	0.31	76	0.912 (0.627, 1.327)	0.63
	Weighted median method		0.87 (0.70, 1.10)	0.24		1.07 (0.34, 3.32)	0.91		NA	NA		1.08 (0.92, 1.26)	0.33		0.884 (0.528, 1.480)	0.64
	MR-Egger method		0.91 (0.62, 1.35)	0.64		0.64 (0.03, 12.25)	0.77		NA	NA		1.69 (1.09, 2.61)	0.02		1.099 (0.317, 3.814)	0.88
Rectal cancer	IVW random-effects model	290	0.95 (0.89, 1.01)	0.13	38	1.06 (0.89, 1.25)	0.52	38	1.05 (0.89, 1.24)	0.58	190	1.04 (0.98, 1.10)	0.18	76	0.996 (0.992, 1.000)	0.06
	Weighted median method		0.98 (0.89, 1.08)	0.72		1.19 (0.93, 1.51)	0.16		1.18 (0.92, 1.50)	0.18		1.03 (0.95, 1.11)	0.45		0.996 (0.991, 1.002)	0.20
	MR-Egger method		0.93 (0.77, 1.12)	0.43		1.40 (0.78, 2.52)	0.26		1.27 (0.71, 2.27)	0.42		1.23 (0.99, 1.52)	0.06		0.999 (0.983, 1.015)	0.89

CI: Confidence Interval; GVs: Genetic Variants; IVW: Inverse-Variance Weighted; MR: Mendelian Randomization; NA: Non Applicable; OR: Odds Ratio

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Table 1 Two-sample Mendelian randomization estimates for the association between sleep traits and risk of colorectal, colon, proximal colon, distal colon, and rectal cancer in both sexes combined and in sex-stratified analyses.

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