Table 5 Subgroup analysis.

From: Association between urinary cadmium levels and increased gallstone disease in US adults

Characteristic

OR (95% CI)

P value

Sex

 Male

1.07 (1.01–1.13)

0.03

 Female

1.03 (0.98–2.08)

0.237

Age

 < 65

1.00 (0.95–1.05)

0.973

 ≥ 65

1.08 (1.02–1.15)

0.011

Race

 Mexican American

1.38 (1.14–1.68)

 < 0.001

 Other Hispanic

1.20 (0.99–1.46)

0.064

 Non-Hispanic White

1.07 (1.02–1.44)

0.008

 Non-Hispanic Black

0.94 (0.85–1.03)

0.176

 Other Race

0.91 (0.84–0.99)

0.031

Alcohol

 Yes

1.05 (1.01–1.10)

0.011

 No

0.95 (0.84–1.08)

0.424

Cigarette smoking status

 Yes

1.06 (1.00–1.13)

0.064

 No

1.04 (0.99–1.09)

0.113

  1. A multivariable analysis model was constructed stratified by selected factors adjusted for age, sex, race, education level, family poverty–income ratio (PIR), BMI, alcohol consumption status, cigarette smoking status, diabetes status, and hypertension status.
  2. Significant values are in bold.
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