Fig. 6

The Effects of PRR on the Gut Microbiota Composition of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet. A-D Represent the changes in four α-diversity indices (ACE, Chao1, Shannon, Simpson) across the four groups, reflecting the diversity within each group. E. Displays the Venn diagram of OTU intersections among the four groups, showing the shared and unique OTUs. F., G. Represent the β-diversity analysis results, including Principal Coordinates Analysis (PCoA) and Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS), which illustrate differences in microbial community composition among the groups. H. Shows the composition of gut microbiota at the phylum level across the groups. I. Indicates the changes in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota (F/B) ratio across the groups. J. Displays the gut microbiota composition at the genus level across the groups. K. Presents the results of the LEfSe (Linear discriminant analysis Effect Size) analysis, highlighting significant differences in specific bacteria between the groups. L. Shows the changes in the phyla Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Proteobacteria across the groups. M. Illustrates the changes in specific genera, including Escherichia_Shigella, Allobaculum, unclassified_Muribaculaceae, Parabacteroides, Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, Alloprevotella, Bacillus, and Ligilactobacillus, across the groups. Significance levels are indicated as follows: compared to the NC group, #P<0.05, ##P<0.01; compared to the HFD group, *P<0.05, **P<0.01.