Table 2 Simulated average of the gas-phase and total particulate DMA concentration after the last cloud of the four simulations with a polydisperse aerosol distribution as well as measured average concentrations

Simulation average

Simulation identifier

0.06 ± 0.02

Amine-AP

0.71 ± 0.16

Amine-TMA-AP

0.10 ± 0.03

Amine-AP-DU05

1.16 ± 0.22

Amine-TMA-AP-DU05

Measurements

Location

References

4.2 (0.8 - 19.2)

CVAO

van Pinxteren et al.¹⁴

1.8 (0.7 - 2.9)

Arabian Sea

Gibb et al.¹⁵

8.8 (2.3 - 39.2)

Arabian Sea

Gibb et al.¹⁵

2.3 ± 0.9

Malmo (Coastal)

Gao et al.²¹

4.2 ± 2.3

Rhode Island

van Neste et al.¹⁶

10.8 ± 1.8

Hawaii

van Neste et al.¹⁶

6 ± 6

Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea

Grönberg et al.²²

12 ± 11

East China Sea

Grönberg et al.²²

2 ± 1

Yellow Sea

Grönberg et al.²²

Particle-phase concentrations / ng m^-3

Simulation average

Simulation identifier

1.6 ± 0.0

Amine-AP

14.8 ± 0.1

Amine-TMA-AP

1.8 ± 0.0

Amine-AP-DU05

16.1 ± 0.2

Amine-TMA-AP-DU05

Measurements

Location

References

5.6 (2.2 - 13)

CVAO

van Pinxteren et al.¹⁴

2.0 (1.0 – 4.3)

Arabian Sea

Gibb et al.¹⁵

10.9 (3.7 – 17.1)

Arabian Sea

Gibb et al.¹⁵

6.1 (4.0 – 8.2)

South of CVAO

van Pinxteren et al.²³

9.0 (4.0 - 13.0)

High Biologic Activity

Facchini et al.²⁴

10.0 (2.0 - 24.0)

High Biologic Activity

Facchini et al.²⁴

1.0 (1.0 - 8.0)

Low Biologic Activity

Facchini et al.²⁴