Fig. 5: Comparisons of the reconstructed and simulated PDO index and volcanic activities during the 18th century. | npj Climate and Atmospheric Science

Fig. 5: Comparisons of the reconstructed and simulated PDO index and volcanic activities during the 18th century.

From: PDO influenced interdecadal summer precipitation change over East China in mid-18th century

Fig. 5

a–k The reconstructed PDO index. l The simulated PDO index by full-forcing ensemble member 001 of CESM-LME. m Same as l, but for the ensemble mean of 5 volcanic sensitivity experiments. n, Same as l, but for the ensemble mean of 11 full-forcing experiments. o Reconstructed global average volcanic aerosol optical depth (AOD) at 550 nm73. p Global total stratospheric sulfate aerosol injection74.

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