Fig. 2
From: Engineered models to parse apart the metastatic cascade

3D in vitro models of cancer cell invasion. a Tumor spheroids facilitate cell–cell interactions while mimicking the invasion process. b Organoids are self-assembled structures derived directly from human patients to recapitulate tumor environment. c Physiologically relevant architectures such as microtracks can be recapitulated using micropatterning and seeded with cancer cells to observe migration in these unique environments