Fig. 3: The estimated aHR and 95% CI on INSIGHT, comparing pooled analysis, our FL-TTE and local analysis. | npj Digital Medicine

Fig. 3: The estimated aHR and 95% CI on INSIGHT, comparing pooled analysis, our FL-TTE and local analysis.

From: Federated target trial emulation using distributed observational data for treatment effect estimation

Fig. 3

The third column in the right side is p-value and significance level of the Z-test on whether the estimated aHR is significantly different with 1.0 (reference value indicating the treatment does not alter the risk compared to no treatment). The fourth and fifth columns denote the test statistic and p-value of the Z-test on whether the estimated aHR is significantly different with the results of pooled analysis. Our FL-TTE addressed the poorly generalized single-site’s estimates induced by sites’ heterogeneity and achieved similar estimates with pooled-analysis. *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; not significant (“ns”) with p ≥ 0.05.

Back to article page