Fig. 5: Defaulting summary of the listed highly hazardous chemicals analysed in this study.
From: Continuing large-scale global trade and illegal trade of highly hazardous chemicals
a, Defaulting counts of the trade for exporting parties and counts of being defaulted for importing parties. b, Time trends of defaulting trade volume. Note that the defaulting analysis was performed only for the listed chemicals having their own HS codes in the 12 defined regions (excluding the non-party USA and with China, Russia and Canada grouped into their corresponding regions) in 2004–2019. If one hazardous chemical with no import consent registered is imported or exported once by a given party country, it is counted as 1. Note that the counts of defaulting between 2004 and 2006 are not shown here because the grids are too small to be distinguished.
