Fig. 6: Comparison of dark and photooxidation of glycerol.

a, Linear (photo)voltammograms recorded with 10 mV s⁻¹ sweep rate. b, Anode potential differences during 30 min galvanostatic experiments at current density j = 100 mA cm⁻². c, Cell voltage differences during 30 min galvanostatic experiments at 100 mA cm⁻². d, Product distribution in the anolyte after 30 min galvanostatic experiments at 100 mA cm⁻². The anolyte was 0.5 M glycerol containing 1.0 M CsOH. HER was performed on the cathode side using 25 cm³ min⁻¹ argon flow, while the anolyte flow rate was 10 cm³ min⁻¹. The temperature of the cell and the anolyte was 35 °C. The error bars represent the standard deviation from the mean, originated from three separate measurements performed on three different Ni/Si and Ni sheet containing electrodes. The missing FE in d is related to dihydroxyacetone, glyceraldehyde and oxygen.