Fig. 3: Attribution of surface water storage trends to precipitation, watershed hydrology and human water management. | Nature Water

Fig. 3: Attribution of surface water storage trends to precipitation, watershed hydrology and human water management.

From: Decoupling of surface water storage from precipitation in global drylands due to anthropogenic activity

Fig. 3

a, Trend in annual SLSI from 1985 to 2020. b, Trend in annual SPI from 1985 to 2020, representing the changes in precipitation. c, Trend in the ratio of streamflow to precipitation from 1985 to 2020, representing the changes in watershed hydrology. d, Trend in the ratio of active storage to streamflow from 1985 to 2020, representing the changes in water management. e, The major causes of surface water storage trend. Here surface water storage trend excludes the impact of new reservoirs. The dark grey colour in e indicates that the basin has an insignificant trend (with non-parametric Mann–Kendall test at a significance level of 0.05) in standardized lake storage index or the trend of standardized lake storage index is not attributable to the three factors (that is, insignificant trends for all factors). White stippling in e indicates that the factors have a positive effect, otherwise they have a negative effect. Detailed attribution information can be found in Supplementary Table 1. Basemaps from World Bank Official Boundaries under a Creative Commons licence CC BY 4.0.

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