Volume 35 Issue 4, April 2025

To help the soldiers (T cells) better identify spies (non-self antigens, marked in blue) and protect the city, while avoiding harm to normal citizens (self-antigens, marked in orange), we need to improve the functionalities of two weapons: a blue glove or a blue goggle (T cell receptor, TCR) and a sword or a bow (CD8). Optimization of both weapons and their cooperation will significantly strengthen the soldiers’ power. See page 265–283 by Rui Qin et al. for details.