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Ageing isn’t linked to increased inflammation in people living in Indigenous communities. Plus, the month’s best science images and the first independent survey of the number of deaths in Gaza since October 2023.

The US National Institutes of Health is still screening grants in process a judge ruled illegal last week. Plus, one researcher’s 40-year project to communicate with dolphins and a wake-up call about computer-vision research.

The Vera C. Rubin Observatory has released the first images taken using its 3,200 megapixel camera. Plus, why the ‘Matthew effect’ is rampant in research and what to do when PhDs vastly outnumber jobs in academia.

Rocks on Hudson Bay, Canada are the only piece of Earth’s crust known to have survived from the planet’s earliest eon. Plus, sea slugs steal photosynthetic equipment from algae to use as an energy source and how artificial-intelligence research is used to bolster surveillance.

Which countries offer the ideal combination of easy visas and human rights to host a scientific conference? Plus, how Jaws transformed our view of sharks and experiments to accelerate gold-standard medical reviews using AI.

How the United States can move the needle on its low life expectancy. Plus, weight-loss drugs might also help with migraine headaches and a tiny robot that can snatch up drops of liquid.

Scientists are digging into the regions of the brain involved in lightbulb moments. Plus, the man o’ war is at least four species and whether mega-funders can rescue a highly cited health database hit by US cuts.

Each person’s breathing pattern could be used to identify them, or reveal their physical or mental characteristics. Plus, rings of bubbles might be a humpback whale’s attempt to communicate with us and who RFK Jr has appointed to his new vaccine panel.

An amino acid used as a supplement and in energy drinks might not be as closely linked to ageing as previous research has suggested. Plus, a Japanese Moon lander has crashed and Briefing readers say they’re anxious about visiting the United States.

Fifty countries have now ratified the UN High Seas Treaty, an agreement to put 30% of the ocean into protected areas. Plus, researchers have grown hearts containing human cells in pig embryos for the first time and the mysterious link between Earth’s magnetism and oxygen.

A US judge has ruled that cancelled funding for projects on diversity, equity and inclusion and COVID-19 must be restored by the National Institutes of Health. Plus, industrial slag can turn to rock within decades and the first ever artificial solar eclipse.

Removing the horns of rhinos reduces poaching by 78% on reserves where it’s done. Plus, what to expect from the new African Space Agency and the pros and cons of using newly opened shipping routes through the Arctic.

Scientists have identified only the second known stable nitrogen molecule: hexanitrogen. Plus, much of the hunting driving pangolins to extinction in Nigeria is for food, not scales and an emergency check-up for the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation.

A gigantic study of schoolchildren in France pinpoints the moment a ‘mathematical gender gap’ appears during school. Plus, a mysterious epidemic of kidney disease affecting young men and a deep-sea squid species caught on camera for the first time.

Graham and colleagues analyzed locally advanced esophageal adenocarcinoma clinical trial patient samples and identified major changes in gene expression profiles and immune microenvironment composition independent of changes in clonal composition.

Experts share tips for talking about vaccines with your inner circle. Plus, a tiny device that ‘spins’ blood clots away and why so many attempts to reduce fossil-fuel subsidies fail — and what to do about it.

A clinical trial of CAR T cells is among the first to show that the treatment can work for solid tumours. Plus, humpbacks’ big eyes are nearsighted and how researchers are turbocharging ginseng.

Cuts to US ‘foreign subawards’ will abruptly end hundreds of clinical trials abroad. Plus, an mpox outbreak is overwhelming Sierra Leone’s health system and a rock with a painted dot that just might represent a nose.

New contact lenses allow people to see multi-coloured infrared images — even with their eyes closed. Plus, why some conferences are abandoning the United States and evidence challenging the dominance of ‘natural selection’ as the sole adaptive force in evolution.

This is what happened when a Nature reporter designed his own protein using AI. Plus, the ‘Gollum effect’ that makes researchers hoard data and hopeful results for the first mRNA bird-flu vaccine for cattle.

A small tweak to a common enzyme lets stinky plants make their distinctive scents. Plus, physicists turned lead into gold for a fraction of a second and the migrations of herrings are being altered by the loss of elders’ knowledge.

A baby boy is thriving after receiving a CRISPR therapy to treat his specific disease-causing mutation. Plus, the FDA plans to phase out animal toxicity testing and physicists are trialling a portable antimatter containment system.

How increasingly sophisticated ‘AI companions’ can impact our mental health. Plus, the blood of a man who’s been bitten by snakes 200 times is used to make a potent antivenom and a timeline of Trump’s attack on US science.

How researchers are studying the trade that could give rise to deadly pandemics. Plus, a spiral structure hidden in the Oort cloud and how to write a great engineering paper.

Here the authors show that PD-1 controls coinhibitory receptor expression by T_reg cells. The absence of PD-1 expression could induce CD30 expression, thereby enhancing T_reg function and tumor escape, suggesting that CD30 might be a therapeutic target in cases of anti-PD-1 resistance.

A 41-year-old man has become the first person to receive a bladder transplant in an eight-hour operation. Plus, a ‘minimalist’ approach to quantum computing and meet the dog who helps stop turtle poachers.

It started with a tiny fingerbone; now more fossils are revealing what exactly is a Denisovan. Plus, a world-first trial of ‘prime editing’ in a person and capuchin monkeys are ‘kidnapping’ babies from another species.

How to become (and remain) unusually healthy old people. Plus, all living things emit a very slight glow and a promising drug for early migraine symptoms.

The best of scientists’ photos from the field. Plus, researchers are split about whether it’s OK for AI to write science papers and bad philosophy is stopping progress in physics, says Carlo Rovelli.

Unusual ‘extrinsic’ geometries give rose petals their curled edges and pointed corners. Plus, a new technique that can directly edit proteins in living cells and how India rewrote the rules of space travel when it launched its first satellite.

The drumming cultures of chimpanzees differ between subspecies. Plus, the EPA and NOAA are being hobbled by DOGE red tape and how fast the human genome mutates.

A nineteen-year-old has become the first person to undergo a ‘third nostril’ surgery to remove a spinal tumour. Plus, generations of cold-water diving has influenced the genetics of an entire island and the UK geoengineering projects awarded £57 million of funding.

Trove of potato genomes reveals genetic bottlenecks and past flirtations with wild varieties. Plus, scientists have used lasers to create the perception of a brand-new colour and physicists express doubt over a ‘biosignature’ from a distant planet.

Researchers have identified a suite of risk factors that contribute to the chance of developing several conditions related to damaged blood vessels in the brain. Plus, dopamine helps the brain overwrite fearful memories and how we might salvage progress in the global fight against AIDS.

A fossilized jawbone discovered more than 20 years ago belonged to a Denisovan. Plus, the states hit hardest by NIH cuts in charts and an acoustics lab inside an abandoned nuclear plant.

Tonka bean trees might make themselves into lightning rods to edge out the competition. Plus, Trump cuts threaten US scientific leadership in Antarctica and how to build a broader, more inclusive defence of science.

Babies as young as one year old can form memories, our adult brains just can’t access them. Plus, US-funded researchers outside the United States are being grilled about ideology and physicists suggest a ‘crazy’ new way we could generate electricity.

Scientists come together for unexpected discoveries and ‘collateral happiness’. Plus, ways to persuade a climate sceptic and how the brain knows whether you should cough or sneeze.

A small trial hints that gut microbes might help treat the symptoms of fibromyalgia. Plus, what it’s like to see a colour no one else has seen and a cri de cœur from a physician who says we are facing a second, preventable wave of the HIV pandemic.

T cell responses can be generated to either pathogen infection or from priming with a vaccine. Here the authors compare T cell generation, phenotype and single cell transcriptome of participants vaccinated with a mpox vaccine or infected with the virus showing that the virus induced T cells showed more effective function and phenotype.