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Neural networks fundamentally dictate function. Here, the authors show thirteen uniquely connected neuron populations within the anterior thalamic nuclei, suggesting multiple parallel subnetworks support its emotional and cognitive functions.

The Healthy Diet Basket (HDB) is used for the measurement of Cost and Affordability of a Healthy Diet globally. This analysis compares the economic, nutritional and environmental characteristics of least-cost diets following the HDB with national food-based dietary guidelines and the EAT-Lancet diet, demonstrating the use of the HDB as a global standard of healthy and sustainable diets.

A mechanism for the phase transition of charge density wave states via the generation and proliferation of topological defects with opposite phase windings is demonstrated in a heavy-fermion superconductor.

Drosophila RNAi libraries are commonly used to perform large-scale functional genetics screens in vivo. Here the authors find that a subset of lines from the VDRC KK RNAi line cause false-positive enhancement of the Hippo pathway, and provide a strain that can test whether a genetic screen of interest will be affected by this technical artefact.

In this work, the authors describe immunisation of human antibody immune repertoire transgenic mice as a surrogate to define protective human antibody reactivity to clinically diverse, antibiotic resistant Acinetobacter baumannii.

The authors present that encephalitic Semliki Forest virus uses choroid plexus epithelial cells as neuroinvasion pathway in mice and show that entry is specifically dependent on expression of very low-density-lipoprotein receptor in these cells.

Periodic laser light can modify the electronic properties of solids and offers a path to create new material phases. In a topological antiferromagnet, periodic driving with opposite light helicities is now shown to produce distinct Dirac mass gaps.

Agarwal et al. show that vesicle-associated membrane protein 2 interacts with and regulates α-synuclein biomolecular condensation, affecting α-synuclein function, which may prevent pathological amyloid aggregation.

A self-amplifying mRNA vaccine shows promise in this new modality by eliciting neutralizing antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron (BA.1) variant in a phase 2/3 trial.

Glia are housekeepers of the nervous system that eliminate neuronal debris after injury. Here, the authors show that LC3-associated phagocytosis in Drosophila glia promotes debris clearance after wing nerve injury and recovery after traumatic brain injury.

We report an ensemble of cold ⁸⁵Rb atoms strongly coupled to a superconducting resonator and optical cavity, resulting in the demonstration of quantum-enabled transduction of millimetre wave photons to optical photons.

Clonally diverse and activated memory CD4⁺ T cells at baseline are associated with the development of severe immune-related adverse events, irrespective of the affected organ system, in patients with melanoma treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.

Variant detection in problematic genes is facilitated with a curated benchmark.

SIRT7 is a protein deacetylase with important roles in rRNA synthesis, ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation. Here the authors show a role of SIRT7 in rRNA maturation via deacetylation of U3-55k, a core component of the U3 snoRNP complex.

Prion-like domains are intrinsically disordered regions found in many RNA- and DNA-binding proteins. Here, the authors show that these domains can drive sequence-specific co-phase separation of chromatin remodeling complex with FET oncofusion proteins.

Giafaglione et al. define metabolic regulation of prostate epithelial lineage identity and show that modulation of lactate metabolism alters response to antiandrogen therapy.

Mutations in the splicing factor RBM20 cause aggressive Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Here the authors generated RBM20 R636S mutants and knockout in human iPSC-derived cardiomyocytes. Mutant RBM20 showed different target RNA binding, altered splicing and localization to cytoplasmic processing bodies.

Cytokine signaling influences the differentiation of CD4⁺ T cells into varying functional subsets. Here the authors show that an E3 ubiquitin ligase Cul5 alters T_H2 and T_H9 development and absence of Cul5 in T cells results in higher levels of allergy-associated IL-4 and IL-9 secreting T cells.

The mechanisms of deep-brain stimulation for psychiatric disorders remain insufficiently understood. Here, the authors identified recruitment of cortico-striatal regions, in particular the medial orbitofrontal cortex, as a mechanism to treat compulsivity.

A study using scanning tunnelling microscopy reveals a charge-density-wave state that is sensitive to magnetic fields and strongly intertwined with superconductivity in the heavy-fermion triplet superconductor UTe₂.

ATRX is a chromatin remodeling protein, which loss has been associated to replication stress, DNA damage, and DNA repair failures that drive genome instability. Here the authors reveal that ATRX protects genomic integrity at G4-containing regions by maintaining these regions in a closed heterochromatic state.

The authors found that VDAC2 plays a crucial role in influencing mitochondrial calcium dynamics and cellular calcium signalling. A VDAC2 agonist, efsevin, rescued the heart failure phenotype, identifying a new potential therapeutic target for heart failure.

N-myristoyltransferases (NMTs) target many signaling proteins to membranes. Here the authors show an NMT inhibitor named PCLX-001 selectively kills lymphoma cells by shutting down their main survival signaling pathway and offers an additional treatment strategy for lymphoma patients.

Conformational dynamics during the early stage of transcription is crucial to understanding the regulation of transcription efficiency and fidelity. Here the authors, by single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer approaches, examine the conformational dynamics of the two-component transcription system of yeast mitochondria with single-base resolution.

Molecular tagging using DNA is an attractive option in cases that are not suitable for RFID tags or QR codes. Here, the authors present Porcupine, DNA tags directly classifiable from raw nanopore signals.

Functional MRI studies across ages show that the classic homunculus of the motor cortex in humans is in fact discontinuous, alternating with action control-linked regions termed the somato-cognitive action network.

After 600 rounds of selection, anaerobic snowflake yeast evolved to be macroscopic, becoming around 20,000 times larger (approximately mm scale) and about 10,000-fold more biophysically tough, while retaining a clonal multicellular life cycle.

A technique based on the coherent splitting of the atoms’ wavefunctions according to their internal states in an optical lattice allows the measurement of neutral-atom qubits in a three-dimensional array with extremely high fidelity, up to 99.94%.

Smith et al demonstrate that mutated splicing factor U2AF1 promotes expression of a longer isoform of IRAK4, leading to enhanced NF-kB activation and leukaemic growth in acute myeloid leukaemia.

Working memory is maintained in the recurrent connectivity of prefrontal neurons; however, distractors lead to a morphing of the population code. Here, the authors show that a low dimensional subspace of activity maintains memory information even with a distractor and can be modeled as a bump attractor.

The alternative splicing regulator MBNL1 is overexpressed in MLL-rearranged leukaemia. Here, the authors show that MBNL1-mediated alternative splicing leads to a specific splicing profile in MLL-rearranged leukaemia and loss or inhibition of MBNL1 impairs leukaemia development in vitro and in vivo.

The authors show that prion protein and α-synuclein undergo phase separation through ___domain-specific electrostatic interactions. These complex coacervates possess electrostatic nanoclusters and can convert into multiphasic condensates and amyloids.

The detection of thermal emission from the rocky exoplanet TRAPPIST-1 c using the Mid-Infrared Instrument on the James Webb Space Telescope reveals a dayside brightness temperature that disfavours a thick, CO₂-rich atmosphere.

Active and passive demethylation pathways have been implicated in the genome-wide erasure of 5mC accompanying mammalian preimplantation development. Here the authors reveal a recently evolved, mammalian-specific pathway in which global hypomethylation is achieved by the coupling of active and passive demethylation.

Breast cancer cells often invade the bone tissue and remain dormant until they are induced to colonize the metastatic site. Here the authors develop an ex vivo co-culture system consisting of bone and cancer cells from mice and show that CXCL5 has a role in metastatic colonization in the bone.

Little is known how spatial genome organization is directed in fat; however, key proadipogenic genes reposition from the nuclear envelope (NE) to the interior during adipogenesis. Here the authors show that deletion of NE protein Tmem120a in adipocytes disrupts fat genome organization, which results in suppression of lipid metabolism pathways and induces myogenic gene expression.

Hyperoxia contributes to lung injury in bronchopulmonary dysplasia. The authors show that hyperoxia increases miR-34a expression in human neonates and in mouse models, and that pathology is ameliorated by miR-34a inhibition or by administration of its target angiopoietin-1

Neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex (but not the frontal eye fields) appear to maintain working memory information when disrupted by a transient distractor, not by using an immutable persistent code but by morphing from one persistent code to another. This code-morphing may provide the lateral prefrontal cortex with cognitive flexibility.