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Mendelian randomization (MR) identifies causal relationships from observational data but has increased error rates when the genetic variants used as instruments come from a single region, a typical scenario when assessing molecular traits like protein or metabolite levels as risk factors. Here the authors introduce a single-region pleiotropy-robust MR method, validating the method on three ground truth sources, showing its capability to identify disease-causing molecular traits.

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

Genome-wide sequencing of 180 ancient individuals shows a continuous gradient of ancestry in Early-to-Mid-Holocene hunter-gatherers from the Baltic to the Transbaikal region and distinct contemporaneous groups in Northeast Siberia, and provides insights into the origins of modern Uralic and Yeniseian speakers.

Virtual nature exposure reduces self-reported pain and is associated with decreased brain responses linked to somatosensory and nociceptive processing, providing new insights into the underlying mechanisms of nature-induced analgesia.

Understanding collective behaviour is an important aspect of managing the pandemic response. Here the authors show in a large global study that participants that reported identifying more strongly with their nation reported greater engagement in public health behaviours and support for public health policies in the context of the pandemic.

In a large-scale prospective study run across 12 sites in Germany and involving 463,094 women and 119 radiologists, AI-supported screening increased breast cancer detection rates by a significant margin without affecting the recall rate.

NIPBL perturbation activates long terminal repeat (LTR)-derived alternative promoters due to reorganization of chromatin’s hierarchical structure, leading to LTR co-option and oncogene activation in melanoma cell lines.

The coupling of ferroelectricity and magnetic order enables the tunability of material properties. Here, authors realize magnetic-field-enhanced ferroelectricity and electrical-field-controlled magneto-transport in non-magnetic moiré superlattices.

Analysis combining multiple global tree databases reveals that whether a ___location is invaded by non-native tree species depends on anthropogenic factors, but the severity of the invasion depends on the native species diversity.

Sydnor et al. developed a new tractography atlas of thalamocortical structural connections and applied it to three youth samples. They uncovered coordinated development between thalamic connectivity and hierarchical cortical plasticity in humans.

Li, Lu et al. demonstrate that O-GlcNAcylation enhances angiogenic transdifferentiation from fibroblasts to endothelial cells through a HIRA-dependent H3.3 deposition mechanism and facilitates vascular regeneration.

Dietary n-6 PUFAs enhance adipose tissue expandability through the PPARγ–LPCAT3 membrane remodelling axis.

The evolutionary origin of tumours remains largely unknown. Here, Domazet-Lošo et al. show evidence for naturally occurring tumours in the freshwater polyp, Hydra, and suggest that tumours have deep evolutionary roots.

Here, the authors investigate the effect of perioperative levosimendan on postoperative subclinical heart failure, evaluated via NT-proBNP measurements in cardiac risk patients undergoing noncardiac surgery, and show no significant difference between levosimendan and placebo on the postoperative maximum NT-proBNP release.

A post-Sturtian Snowball episode of ocean deoxygenation, followed by a shift toward less reducing, but still largely anoxic conditions in the ocean, is characterised by nutrient and sulfate limitation and recorded in the Taishir Formation, Mongolia.

The authors experimentally study nonlinear light propagation with tunable dispersion, which mimics the effect of fractional derivatives. The pulses have the unique features that their spectra have a discontinuous derivative and they decay slowly in time.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

This study employs a functional genomic approach to identify a synthetic lethal interaction between CDS1 and CDS2 in uveal melanoma and other cancers, which may represent a potential therapeutic target.

Drug resistance remains a major challenge in cancer treatment. Here, the authors identify Connexin43 as target that enhances BRAF/MEKi efficacy by interfering with DNA repair pathways, overcoming drug resistance. They develop an mRNA therapy that improves efficacy and sensitizes resistant cells.

The mechanism of macrophage cytotoxicity against cancer cells requires further illustration. By employing CRISPR screening in CAR-macrophage and cancer cell co-culture system, the authors identify depletion of ATG9A on cancer cells sensitizes them to macrophage-mediated killing, which can be synergic with CSF1R inhibition in cancer treatment.

MorphLink is a computational framework that links tissue morphology changes to molecular alterations using spatial omics data, providing intuitive visualisations of cellular behaviours from both structural and molecular perspectives.

The limited routes for polar texture engineering in materials restrict energy efficient applications. Here, the authors establish lattice chemistry control and the use of polarizing surfaces to manipulate electric dipole ordering in thin films.

Furlan’s team engineered the printing of Gd₂Zr₂O₇ photonic coatings on curved metal surfaces, achieving high reflectivity values that outperform state-of-the-art thermal barrier coatings while having remarkably low density and minimal thickness

The loss of sea ice enhances swell-induced flexural stress in Antarctic ice shelves before large-scale calving events, according to satellite observations and swell-induced flexural stress modelling.

A computational model called Centaur, developed by fine-tuning a language model on a huge dataset called Psych-101, can predict and simulate human nature in experiments expressible in natural language, even in previously unseen situations.

Individual data types in a single cell multi-omic assay are often processed and clustered independently before combined for further analysis. Here, authors showed that binarized gene expression data can be concatenated with chromatin accessibility data for effective and integrated cell clustering.

No approved vaccines are available against Marburg virus. In this study, the authors developed mRNA vaccines against Marburg virus and the related Ravn virus and show that they induce robust antibody response and provide protection against homologous and heterologous viruses in guinea pigs.

Apollo is a GPU-accelerated simulator of within-host viral evolution, spanning host populations, tissues, and cells. It scales to millions of viral genomes and supports complex demographic and population genetic models.

Cluster states are a key resource in quantum technologies, but generation of large-scale 2D cluster states faces several difficulties. Here, the authors show how to generate a 2 × n ladder-like cluster state via sequential emission of time- and frequency multiplexed photonic qubits from a transmon-based device.

Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid behavior has been observed within 1D defects in transition metal dichalcogenides. Here, using complementary experiments and engineered defects, the authors demonstrate the importance of graphene as a substrate and its role in the formation of this quasiparticle excitation in 2D WS₂.

It is unclear how cell compartmentalization emerged in prebiotic conditions. Now it is shown that a temperature gradient in a confined space can bring the core components of a cell together.

Some brain lesions recover in multiple sclerosis, while others do not; however, the underlying mechanisms are unclear. Here, the authors show that microglia-derived TGFα orchestrates immune control and tissue repair, and that intranasal delivery of TGFα in the autoimmune encephalomyelitis model promotes lesion resolution.

Single-cell manipulation and processing techniques and improvements in mass spectrometry sensitivity make single-cell proteomic profiling feasible. This study presents a label-free approach for the characterisation of native N-glycans of single mammalian cells and ng-level blood isolates, demonstrating the potential to detect cell surface glycome changes at the single-cell level in health or disease.

Using Kepler, this study identifies a compact multiplanetary system that is not flat, where gravitational interactions cause its planets’ periods to change by nearly a day per cycle and their orbital planes to tilt back and forth.

Contamination significantly impacts low-biomass studies. Here, the authors highlight its pervasive and study-specific effects, particularly on early-life virome samples, and offer practical strategies to mitigate contamination.

Here, the authors apply a standardized system, called TXsystem, to transplant wild mouse gut microbiota into SPF mice, developing “TXwildlings” mice that stably retain natural microbiota and human-like immune traits, enhancing reproducibility and translational relevance.

A microfluidic-based system enables fast screening of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection through analysis of specific T-cell responses.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

Whether multimorbidity accelerates brain Aβ deposition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that higher self-reported multimorbidity burden predicts increased brain Aβ accumulation rates in the ADNI cohort.

Proton transfer plays a key role in nature, yet its ultrafast dynamics remain elusive. Here the authors use coincidence spectroscopy and theoretical simulations to show that radiolytic doubly-ionized pyrrole triggers proton transfer to water within 60 fs.

Speleothem records from caves in Arctic Siberia allow for the reconstruction of multiannual air temperatures during the late Miocene (8.68±0.09 million years ago). These temperatures suggest that Eurasia was mostly permafrost-free during that time.

The cell populations that contribute to healing and scar tissue formation following tendon injury are poorly defined. Here the authors show that cells originating from the tendon epitenon give rise to both tenogenic and fibrotic populations and that ablation of pro-fibrotic epitenon-derived cells improves recovery.

Experiments show that olivine is transparent at high pressure and temperature, with radiative heat transport representing 40% of olivine’s thermal conductivity. Heat radiation enhances slab’s heating rate and affects subduction dynamics.

The collapse of tropical forests during the Permian–Triassic Mass Extinction weakened carbon sequestration, sustaining high CO2 and extreme global warmth for millions of years: an example of a runaway feedback in Earth’s climate-carbon system.

Quantum dot spin qubits in Si can be controlled using micromagnet-based electric-dipole spin resonance, but experiments have been limited to small 1D arrays. Here the authors address qubit control in 2D Si arrays, demonstrating low-frequency control of qubits in a 2 x 2 array using hopping gates.

Telomere maintenance by telomerase depends on the correct assembly and the recruitment of the enzyme complex. Here, the authors reveal that the RNA/DNA binding proteins NONO, SFPQ, and PSPC1 interact with telomerase via the hTR RNA template, facilitating telomerase trafficking out of Cajal bodies and recruitment to the telomere.

HiScanner, a tool for identification of copy number alterations from single cell whole-genome sequencing data, uncovers cell-type-specific somatic mosaicism in human brain and offers a way to track clonal evolution at the single cell resolution.