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Showing 1–12 of 12 results
Advanced filters: Author: Alexander R Moschen Clear advanced filters

  • Systemic infection with the fungal pathogenC. albicans is characterized by high mortality, and the precise antifungal defence mechanisms in humans are poorly defined. Using a systems approach, Smeekens et al. describe a previously unknown role for type I interferons in human anti-Candidadefence.

    • Sanne P. Smeekens
    • Aylwin Ng
    • Ramnik J. Xavier
    Research
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 4, P: 1-10

  • The gastrointestinal tract represents a target organ for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), warranting a thorough discussion on the consequences, particularly regarding inflammatory bowel diseases. Here, aspects of gastrointestinal involvement with SARS-CoV-2, the role of viruses as modulators of mucosal immunity and as treatment-related safety hazards, and the current clinical evidence will be discussed.

    • Alexander R. Moschen
    Comments & Opinion
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    Volume: 17, P: 529-530

  • Severe acute malnutrition is a life-threatening disease affecting millions of children. A recent study has now identified an immature gut microbiome as an important contributing factor in children with kwashiorkor. The condition was transmissible into gnotobiotic mice by combining stool transplantation and region-specific diet. In addition, antibiotics reduce mortality in children with kwashiorkor.

    • Herbert Tilg
    • Alexander R. Moschen
    News & Views
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    Volume: 10, P: 261-262

  • Dietary lipids are linked to the development of inflammatory bowel diseases through unclear mechanisms. Here, the authors report that dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids trigger intestinal inflammation resembling aspects of Crohn’s disease, which is restricted by glutathione peroxidase 4 in the intestinal epithelium.

    • Lisa Mayr
    • Felix Grabherr
    • Timon E. Adolph
    ResearchOpen Access
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 11, P: 1-15

  • Inflammation is a hallmark of obesity and driver of various associated pathologies. Here the authors show that mice overexpressing the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-37 are protected from the metabolic consequences of a high-fat diet, and that plasma levels of IL-37 correlate with insulin sensitivity in humans.

    • Dov B. Ballak
    • Janna A. van Diepen
    • Rinke Stienstra
    Research
    Nature Communications
    Volume: 5, P: 1-13

  • This Review outlines the current understanding of IL-12 and IL-23 biology in IBD, as well as the roles of major downstream cytokines, including IL-17. The authors also discuss how emerging knowledge influences the development of therapeutic strategies in IBD.

    • Alexander R. Moschen
    • Herbert Tilg
    • Tim Raine
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    Volume: 16, P: 185-196

  • The association between NAFLD and diabetes mellitus has garnered increasing attention in the past few years. In this Review, Tilg and colleagues explore in detail the molecular mechanisms linking NAFLD and diabetes mellitus, and discuss clinical aspects arising from the interaction of both diseases.

    • Herbert Tilg
    • Alexander R. Moschen
    • Michael Roden
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Gastroenterology & Hepatology
    Volume: 14, P: 32-42

  • Adipose tissue produces several inflammatory mediators, including the adipocytokines adiponectin, leptin and resistin. Here, recent advances in our understanding of the role of these adipocytokines in inflammation and immunity are discussed, highlighting the importance of these mediators in obesity-associated diseases.

    • Herbert Tilg
    • Alexander R. Moschen
    Reviews
    Nature Reviews Immunology
    Volume: 6, P: 772-783

  • Stefan Kiechl and colleagues show that blockade of receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB (RANKL) signaling in hepatocytes by cell type–specific genetic deletion of its receptor promotes greater insulin sensitivity in both a genetic and a nutritional model of type 2 diabetes. They also show epidemiological evidence that elevated serum concentrations of soluble RANKL are a risk factor for the development of this disease.

    • Stefan Kiechl
    • Jürgen Wittmann
    • Georg Schett
    Research
    Nature Medicine
    Volume: 19, P: 358-363