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The BabyDetect project offered expanded newborn genomic screening covering more than 400 genes to 4,260 families, leading to 71 clinical diagnoses.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

An analysis of data from the Sherlock-Lung study provides insight into the mutational processes that contribute to lung cancer in never smokers, and looks at the possible role of factors such as air pollution and passive smoking.

Neural circuit mechanisms underlying feeding behavior regulation are not fully understood. Here authors provide quantitative mapping of the brain-wide input and output configuration of tuberal nucleus somatostatin neurons, a key player of feeding regulation, in mouse brain for a deeper understanding of the feeding regulation network.

Proteins are often modified by complex carbohydrates (N-glycans). Here, authors identified gene regulators of this process and uncovered links between plasma protein Nglycosylation, metabolic and liver diseases, and anti-inflammatory proteins.

Mantle flow induced by slab detachment plays a key role in regulating plate convergence, with spreading ridges and continent-trench collisions causing significant tectonic uplift and acceleration of plate motion, according to numerical modelling of lithosphere-mantle dynamics.

Crystal structures of HIV Env trimer with native glycosylation in complex with neutralizing antibodies reveal a glycan shield of high-mannose and complex-type N-glycan and indicate a path for germline-targeting vaccine design.

Eye2Gene’s next-generation phenotyping of multimodal images increases diagnostic yield for inherited retinal diseases by improving screening, phenotype-driven variant prioritization and automatic similarity matching in phenotypic space to drive gene discovery.

Salivary gland cancers (SGC) respond poorly to immunotherapies and new treatment strategies are needed. Here, the authors develop an integrated analysis of advanced SGC to characterize the immune microenvironment and identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Analysis of snRNA genes in individuals with rare disorders identifies de novo and recurrent variants in RNU5B-1 and RNU5A-1, in addition to previously unreported cases with pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in RNU4-2.

Small intestinal neuroendocrine tumours (siNETs) are rare bowel tumors generally considered to be a single entity. Here, the authors perform a multiomics analysis of siNETs and reveal four distinct molecular groups with clinical relevance, including groups linked to differentiation patterns, immunity, and mesenchymal properties.

New archaeological and ancient genomic data from humans in Papua New Guinea and the Bismarck Archipelago shed light on regional human admixture and genetic isolation over the past 2,500 years.

APOBEC mutational signatures are commonly found in multiple cancer types. Here, the authors utilize multi-omics analyses to reveal that the cooccurrence of APOBEC associated mutagenesis and tobacco-smoking-related mutations affects lung tumor evolution and age at onset of lung cancer from smokers.

Clinical translation of cell products is impeded by the lack of clinically predictive potency assays. Here, the authors report a microfluidic system to evaluate patient-derived cells used in a clinical trial for osteoarthritis pain, and use the results and patient-matched clinical data to build prediction models, showing improved clinical prediction and higher correlative power with pain scores compared to 2D culture.

Projections of extinctions of bird species and losses of functional diversity over the next 100 years suggest that even immediate and widespread threat abatement would be insufficient to prevent losses, and targeted recovery programmes must also be implemented to conserve avian diversity.

Arctic marine ecosystems have experienced significant change through the Holocene. Here, the authors used sedaDNA from Northern Greenland to reconstruct marine mammal occurrence, demonstrating the impact of air temperature and sea ice cover over the past 12000 years.

A microfluidics- and electron-microscopy-based method enables the characterization of polyclonal antibody responses to infection and vaccination.

SARS-CoV-2 has resulted in multiple outbreaks in hospitals, but identifying transmission events is challenging. Here, the authors combine whole genome sequencing and epidemiological data from the first two waves of the pandemic at a UK hospital trust and characterise transmission chains.

Vaccination efficiency in HIV infection is hampered by the low immunogenicity of HIV-1 Env glycoprotein (Env). Here authors optimise the neutralising antibody response to Env by stabilizing the Env trimers in the context of expressing them in a Newcastle Disease Virus-like particle and providing conditions that mimics replicating virus infection.

Upon intramuscular administration, COVID-19 mRNA vaccines are primarily taken up by macrophages, in which the cellular machinery extends their poly(A) tails, thereby increasing mRNA stability and translation, providing an explanation for the efficacy of these vaccines.

Multiplexed error-robust fluorescence in situ hybridization (MERFISH) together with deep-learning-based nucleus segmentation enabled the construction of a highly detailed and informative spatially resolved single-cell atlas of human fetal cortical development.

In this study, Leventhal et al. integrate multi-omic data from human and Drosophila models of Alzheimer’s disease to define regulators of age-associated neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease and the pathways through which they act.

Sarcoma is a highly heterogeneous disease, which can be caused by a large variety of mutations. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics to characterise a cohort of 1,340 sarcoma tissue specimens to identify key somatic mutations and identify immune subtypes.

A connectome of the right optic lobe from a male fruitfly is presented together with an extensive collection of genetic drivers matched to a comprehensive neuron-type catalogue.

It is commonly accepted that the hyphae of filamentous fungi expand by tip growth that is restricted to the first apical cell. Here, Schuster et al. show that, contrary to expectations, subapical cells play important roles in hyphal growth in the industrial enzyme-producing fungus Trichoderma reesei.

Millions of excess deaths are estimated to have occurred in India during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their causes are not well documented at the national level. In this study, the authors use death registration records to describe the extent and causes of excess deaths in the large urban municipality of Madurai.

Compared with intramuscular vaccine, intranasal vaccination has easier administration and local responses, but efficient antigen delivery presents an obstacle. Here the authors test an intranasal subunit vaccine fused to albumin to facilitate FcRn-mediated trans-mucosal antigen transport and demonstrate protective immunity in mouse models.

This study integrates ribosome profiling, single molecule methods and computational predictions to reveal that molecular chaperones bind ‘unsatisfied’ residues exposed on partial nascent folds, rationalizing how their activities generate a robust co-translational protein folding network.

Deep learning enhanced chemical imaging delineated polymorphic Aβ plaques in situ. Cored plaques were associated with increased Aβ1-40 and 3pE-42 deposition. A distinct, coarse-grained plaque phenotype was specific to AD, showed increased neuritic dystrophy and an Aβ-pattern similar to CAA.

An expert-elicitation process identifies current methodological barriers for monitoring terrestrial biodiversity, and how technological and procedural development of robotic and autonomous systems may contribute to overcoming these challenges.

Maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality remain high in Malawi, partially due to gaps in the coverage and quality of health services. Here the authors develop an individual-based simulation model of maternal and perinatal health and healthcare in Malawi, situated in the Thanzi La Onse ‘whole health system, all-disease’ framework, and apply it to estimate the impact of current and improved coverage and quality of maternity services on health in Malawi between 2023 and 2030.

Epithelial sealing is a fundamental process in animal development and wound healing. Here the authors show that a transient contractile seam in the freshly sealed epidermis generates forces promoting tissue zippering during Drosophila dorsal closure.

Empowering, reconnecting people and nature, and intercultural and ancestral education are Indigenous People and Local Community Initiatives that prioritize local tradition and show sustainable outcomes, according to a hierarchical analysis of 127 initiatives in Ecuador, Peru, and Colombia.