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It is important to understand cellular uptake of nanoparticles, but the effects of cell cycle and autophagy are underexplored. Here, the authors construct a multi-functional, multi-dimensional platform, and use this to characterise the effects of cell cycle- and autophagy-associated cellular accumulation of clinically used lipid-based nanoparticles.

Simultaneous transfer of chirality and energy is desirable, but challenging to achieve in synthetic systems. Here, the authors report a system inspired by chlorosomes in which donor-acceptor chromophores form helical stacks, shielding them from water and allowing chirality and energy transfer.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Single-cell RNA sequencing, whole-exome sequencing and spatial transcriptome sequencing of gallbladder adenocarcinomas from 75 patients stratifies the disease into groups with distinct clinical outcomes.

A synthetic biology approach was used to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils, thereby addressing notable threats to marine biosecurity.

Depletion of circulatory asparagine (Asn) by L-asparaginase (ASNase) has been used for clinical treatment of leukemia. Here this group develops core-shell structured cascade-responsive nanoparticles for sequential modulation of exogenous Asn supply and endogenous Asn production, thereby achieving the amino acid depletion therapy against solid tumors.

Su et al. report that the super-enhancer K5aSE orchestrates Klf5andadditional targets via 3D chromatin interactions in ES cells, with CTCF-mediated chromatin domains maintaining this regulatory network essential for ES cell identity.

Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

Accessing strong correlation effects in Kagome materials remains challenging. Here, the authors realize a Kagome Kondo lattice in CsCr₆Sb₆ exhibiting flat, isolated Kagome bands at the Fermi level.

Large language models (LLMs) can be useful tools for science, but they often lack expert understanding of complex domains that they were not trained on. Zhang and colleagues fine-tuned a LLaMA-2-7b-based LLM with questions on organic chemistry reactions.

The high annealing temperature in two-step sequential deposition could lead to the desorption of self-assembled molecules at the buried interface. Here, the authors propose a low temperature sequential deposition method and achieve certified efficiency of 26.0% for perovskite solar cells.

The full exploitation of back contact silicon solar cells is crucial to achieve a high performance for potential industrialization. Here, authors incorporate a double-sided light management strategy to reduce optical losses, achieving a total-area efficiency of 27.03% for 350 cm2 solar cells.

Formation of a stable self-assembled monolayer for high-efficiency perovskite solar cells remains a challenge. Here uniform and stable SAM anchoring is achieved on a hydroxylated indium tin oxide surface, leading to highly efficient and stable perovskite solar cells.

In plants and algae, isoamylases drive phytoglycogen-to-amylopectin conversion. Here, the authors show that ISA1 and ISA2 form a heterocomplex that coordinately trims glucan branches to promote starch granule formation, defining a key step in starch biosynthesis.

Fluorine-containing compounds play a critical role in life sciences, driving extensive research into efficient fluorination methods over the past decades. Here, the authors report a radical-mediated synthesis of alkyl fluorides via decarboxylative-desulfonylative gem-difunctionalization under photochemical conditions.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Iron dysregulation is a hallmark of many human diseases and cancers. In this study, the authors show that iron depletion, overload, or improper storage drive templated insertions at chromosome breaks, a class of events that are common yet poorly understood in cancer.

The effects of non-reacting components on polyatomic reactions are still largely unclear. Here, the authors show through a combined experimental and theoretical study of the D + CH₄ reaction that the CH₃ umbrella bending mode serves as a reporter mode, revealing how the D atom dynamically approaches CH₄.

Here, the authors report a transfer printing method of wafer-scale dielectric layers and metallic electrodes pre-deposited on mica substrates without the need of sacrifice buffer layers, enabling the fabrication of high-performance 2D MoS₂ transistors and encapsulated devices based on air-sensitive black phosphorus with one-month stability.

Breast cancer cells interact with cancer-associated adipocytes in the microenvironment. Here, the authors report that the cross-talk between these two cell types is dependent on Zeb1, which remodels the tumor-associated adipose microenvironment to confer breast cancer progression.

Phytochrome photoreceptors are master regulators of plant development. This paper describes 3D structures of soybean phytochrome A in both Pr (inactive) and Pfr (signalling) states, revealing changes that might transmit the light signal to the cell.

Chen et al. report all-site alloying for 3D perovskites where B-site strontium doping retards the crystallisation and induces sequential A-site doping with annealing. The controllable crystallisation enables blue LEDs with peak efficiency of 23.3% at 487 nm and tuneable emission to 463 nm.

Training foundation models often requires a costly budget and excessive computational resources. In this study, a low-cost instruction learning framework is proposed that could enable the rapid adoption of visual-language pathology applications.

Super spreading events are considered important contributors to the spread of COVID−19, but the extent to which superspreading varies by transmission setting is unclear. Here, the authors demonstrate heterogeneity in superspreading and the generation interval between COVID−19 cases in different settings using data from Hong Kong.

Microbial nitrogen cycling on Tibetan Plateau glacier surfaces remains poorly understood. This study reveals over 90% taxa possess nitrogen metabolic potential (33% transcriptionally active), with temperature-nitrogen co-regulation identified.

High-performance THz electromagnetic shielding is demonstrated using 2D β₁₂-borophene nanosheets embedded in a polymer matrix. At a low loading of 0.1 wt.%, the composite has excellent shielding effectiveness and good mechanical properties.

The isolation of a crystalline radical cation carbon(I) species, generated via single-electron transfer between a carbodicarbene and a nitroaromatic compound, is reported. The resulting radical ion pair can mediate various C–O and C–C cross-coupling reactions with electron-deficient arenes bearing a leaving group.

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from computed tomography could significantly contribute to guiding lung cancer surgery, but requires comprehensive clinical validation. Here, the authors test the effectiveness of an AI-driven 3D reconstruction system for lung cancer surgery in a retrospective, multi-center, multi-reader, multi-case study.

In large prospectively enrolled validation cohorts of patients with cancer and controls and a prospective study of asymptomatic individuals with average risk for cancer, a multicancer early detection test based on plasma cell-free DNA genomics and fragmentomics showed encouraging accuracy in identifying ongoing disease as well as the tissue of origin.

Complete defluorination of diverse per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances can be achieved in the UV/sulfite system. Further experimental and theoretical evaluation demonstrates that the rate-limiting step is electron transfer from hydrated electrons, rather than the subsequent C−F bond cleavage.

Monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) contributes to DNA replication but the mechanism is not well understood. Here, the authors identify a conserved tandem Tudor ___domain of BAHCC1 as a H4K20me1-specific reader, which promotes the recruitment of MCM complex to chromatin for efficient DNA replication.

Acetylation is a posttranscriptional modification widely distributed across RNA types. Here, the authors uncover the role of tRNA ac⁴C12 for translational efficiency and tRNA quality control in both normal and heat stress conditions in mammalian cells.

Protonic ceramic electrochemical cells (PCECs) interconvert hydrogen and electricity and therefore have potential as long-duration energy storage systems, but the durability of these devices under industrially relevant conditions is limited. Here the authors report a PCEC that maintains low degradation rates throughout exceptionally long-term durability tests.

This study introduces an electrochemical approach for synthesizing 1,3-butadiene via acetylene hydrogenation, offering petroleum-free pathway for C4H6 production. Mechanistic investigations show that optimizing the C2H2/H2O ratio can enhance the kinetics of the rate-limiting step.

Extending the endurance of mushroom-type phase change memory remains challenging. Here, the authors design a nano-confined cell with an embedded heater, achieving a 1000 × improvement and attributing failure to carbon-induced collapse of the switching volume.

The authors find that Ag-rich nanoprecipitates with sizes up to tens of nanometers can be formed in metallic Ag/Ag₂Se composite flexible films after spark plasma sintering. Moreover, Ag-rich nanoprecipitates play a positive role in increasing the carrier concentration, enhancing the density-of-states effective mass, and mitigating carrier scattering.

Microglia play a critical role in Alzheimer’s disease progression. Here, the authors show that knockout of microglial Cx43 or inhibition of Cx43 hemichannels by nanoparticle-delivered peptide mitigates cognitive deficits and neuropathology in APP/PS1 mice by inducing microglia into a neuroprotective state.

Ambient air pollution exposure in early childhood has been linked to infection risk but the mechanism is unclear. Here, the authors investigate the association between air pollution-linked proteomic profiles in pregnancy and infection in early childhood using data from Denmark and Sweden.

LepR⁺ cells senescence is a driver of aging-induced bone marrow homeostasis collapse. Here, Li et al. report a LepR⁺ cell-targeting nitric oxide (NO) nanopump for rejuvenation of senescent LepR⁺ cells via activation of glycolysis signaling to reestablish homeostasis of the aged bone marrow.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

Ultrafast electron sources are essential for time-resolved electron microscopy techniques, but they usually suffer from limited stability and short lifetimes. Here, the authors report the fabrication of ultrafast hot-electron sources consisting of graphene films integrated on a single-mode optical fibre, showing enhanced stability and longevity.

Ordered oxygen vacancy channels are uncovered on the CeO₂ (110) surface at high temperatures via in situ TEM and a cluster expansion model, offering structural insights for tuning metal oxides in energy conversion and catalytic applications.

The authors show that NAT10 is upregulated with T cell antigen receptor signaling and that T cell-specific NAT10 deficiency results in diminished numbers of naive T cells, translating to an inability to mount a significant antiviral T cell response.

A new asymmetric non-fullerene acceptor, P2EH-1V, is designed and synthesized for constructing devices demonstrating record-high efficiencies of 26.7% (certified at 26.4%) over an aperture area greater than 1 cm² in perovskite–organic tandem solar cells.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Diabetic wounds are a prevalent type of chronic wound that is challenging to treat due to the dynamic and complex wound microenvironment. Here, Cong et al. presents a dimeric copper peptide incorporated hydrogel for multifunctional treatment of diabetic wounds.

Previous work has shown that electronic and structural transitions in VO₂ can be decoupled by realizing an electronic transition within a monoclinic phase. Here, the authors extend this to the rutile phase by demonstrating a photodoping-driven transition from an insulating to a metallic rutile phase.

While they resemble antiferromagnets in terms of vanishing magnetization, altermagnets also have a nonrelativistic spin-splitting bandstructure arising from the combination of crystal symmetry and magnetic ordering. Here, Zhang et al demonstrate the effective manipulation of spin-splitting torque based on the control of Néel vector in altermagnets.