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Toxoplasma gondii evolved two ISWI remodellers, TgSNF2h and TgSNF2L. TgSNF2h forms a complex that insulates active genes, regulates MORC-driven sexual commitment and ensures precise gene expression, safeguarding the parasite’s developmental program.

A study of retrotransposon activity repurposes a retroelement called R2Tocc to create a programmable system called STITCHR that enables diverse genome edits including efficient, scarless large payload insertions.

Hyperfine splitting was measured using the laser spectroscopy of accelerator-produced hydrogen-like bismuth ions. This demonstrates the feasibility of such measurements with other exotic ions with low production yields in a storage ring.

The multipass membrane transporter MFSD6 localizes to the plasma membrane and acts as a host entry factor for enterovirus D68 (EV-D68) by binding directly to EV-D68 particles through its extracellular, third loop, offering a potential target to combat infections by this emerging pathogen.

This study profiles the spatial transcriptomic landscape of mouse brain coronal sections across three age groups and both sexes. Here, authors show a strong female-biased pro-inflammatory gene signature in white matter fiber tracts.

Radiometric dating and oxygen isotopes of Pilbara Craton zircons reveal early continent formation via seafloor hydrothermal alteration and subsequent shallow depth partial melting of mafic protcrust some 3565 million years ago.

The neural basis of how the visual cortex processes complex features remains under active investigation. Here, the authors show that broadband stimuli increase neural responses and visual perception due to a reduction in center-surround suppression.

Membrane proteins can have opposing roles depending on the microenvironment. Here the authors identify that the loss of Adapter Protein complex-2 reduces cell growth in vitro but promotes tumor growth in vivo.

Viral pathogen load in cancer genomes is estimated through analysis of sequencing data from 2,656 tumors across 35 cancer types using multiple pathogen-detection pipelines, identifying viruses in 382 genomic and 68 transcriptome datasets.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

PAPD5 is responsible for adenylation of microRNAs. Here, the authors show that elevated level of PAPD5 enhances the adenylation and reduced expression of miR-7-5p. As a result, expression of TAB2, a target of miR-7-5p, is induced triggering neuronal apoptosis in Huntington’s disease.

Analysis of genomic data from 981 colorectal cancers from participants in 11 countries reveals variations in mutational signatures of microsatellite-stable cancers that are dependent on geographical origin and age at which the cancer was diagnosed.

Second-generation oxidation boosts the production of anthropogenic organic aerosol, according to an analysis of urban haze in an experimental chamber.

A global network of researchers was formed to investigate the role of human genetics in SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19 severity; this paper reports 13 genome-wide significant loci and potentially actionable mechanisms in response to infection.

The mid-Holocene has seen a number of climate shifts, which have been associated with societal changes. Here, the authors investigate in a centuries long megadrought in Southeast Asia during the mid-Holocene, possibly caused by the end of the Green Sahara period.

A compact platform for quantum magnetometry and thermometry can be created by integrating nitrogen–vacancy-based quantum sensing with complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) technology.

A global map of human subcellular architecture yields protein complex structures, reveals protein functions, identifies assemblies with multiple localizations or cell-type specificity and decodes paediatric cancer genomes.

This study presents the Cell Painting PLUS assay, a customisable phenotypic screening assay for multiplexed, iterative staining of single cells with seven fluorescent dyes for detailed mode-of-action analyses in toxicology and biomedical research.

Here, Zerio et al. use cryo-electron microscopy to show how the helicase ___domain of DNA polymerase θ aligns broken DNA strands by matching short sequences, a process linked to cancer. These findings may guide future therapies targeting error-prone DNA repair.

The flagship paper of the ICGC/TCGA Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes Consortium describes the generation of the integrative analyses of 2,658 cancer whole genomes and their matching normal tissues across 38 tumour types, the structures for international data sharing and standardized analyses, and the main scientific findings from across the consortium studies.

Multi-omics datasets pose major challenges to data interpretation and hypothesis generation owing to their high-dimensional molecular profiles. Here, the authors develop ActivePathways method, which uses data fusion techniques for integrative pathway analysis of multi-omics data and candidate gene discovery.

Self-related cognitions are central to identity and wellbeing. Using 7-Tesla MRI, Kung et al map a dynamic network centred on the habenula demonstrating its role in encoding self-directed thinking and adaptive responses to negative self-cognitions.

Different phosphorylation patterns created by GRK2 and GRK5 on the C-terminal tail of ACKR3 lead to distinct structural arrangements and dynamics of G-protein-coupled receptor–arrestin complexes, potentially explaining diverse cellular outcomes.

Sznajder et al. identified a molecular link between autism and myotonic dystrophy, showing that a tandem repeat mutation in a single gene can disrupt splicing of multiple autism-related genes during brain development, leading to autism-like traits.

Organic sulfur compounds are vital to life but often overlooked in the sulfur cycle, especially in the subsurface. Subsurface microbes can metabolize diverse organosulfur compounds, hinting at a more complex sulfur cycle than previously thought.

Sarcoma is a highly heterogeneous disease, which can be caused by a large variety of mutations. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics to characterise a cohort of 1,340 sarcoma tissue specimens to identify key somatic mutations and identify immune subtypes.

BamA carries out the essential process of folding outer membrane β-barrels in Gram-negative bacteria and is a potential antibiotic target. Here, the authors discover macrocyclic peptide inhibitors that trap BamA in distinct structural conformations.

piggyBat is the only known DNA transposon active in mammals. Here the authors used cellular assays and 3D structure to show that sequences within the transposon ends restrict activity, and also how transposition activity can be substantially increased.

Recent work has shown that digital quantum simulations may be well suited for simulating non-perturbative quantum field theories. Here the authors use a superconducting quantum computer to obtain the energy spectrum of a strongly interacting quantum field theory mapped onto a quantum spin chain model.

Here, the authors introduce Martini3-IDP, a refined model for disordered proteins that addresses prior over-compact structures. Validated across diverse systems, it captures IDP interactions and biomolecular condensates.

Koster et al introduce a deep reinforcement learning (RL) mechanism designed to manage common-pool resources successfully encourages sustainable cooperation among human participants by dynamically adjusting resource allocations based on the current state of the resource pool. The RL-derived policy outperforms traditional allocation methods by balancing generosity when resources are abundant and applying temporary sanctions to discourage free-riding, ultimately maximizing social welfare and fairness.

Co-occurring mutations in the tumor suppressor LKB1 are frequent in KRAS-mutant lung cancers. Here, the authors show that LKB1 regulates JNK-dependent stress signaling apoptotic dependencies of KRAS-mutant tumors, making LKB1-deficient cells vulnerable to MCL-1 inhibition.

Illness signals from the gut reactivate and strengthen flavour representations in the amygdala to support learning from delayed postingestive feedback.

In vivo and in silico analyses suggest that bradyzoite-directed immunity contributes to control of cyst numbers, tissue damage and mortality in mice.

Thioindigos are reversible photoswitches with spatial control over the conformational change, yet have very limited solubility in most solvents. Here, the authors report a method for the insertion of thioindigos into polymer chains, allowing the formation of visible light responsive hydrogels.

During the last deglaciation in the northern Caribbean, persistent interannual to multidecadal rainfall variability is attributed to El Niño Southern Oscillation and Atlantic Multidecadal Variability, while broader centennial to millennial-scale trends are linked to major climate events, according to geochemical data from a stalagmite in western Cuba.

The PSA (KLK3) genetic variant rs17632542 is associated with reduced prostate cancer risk and lower serum PSA levels, although the underlying reasons are unclear. Here, the authors show that this PSA variant reduced proteolytic activity and leads to smaller tumours, but also increases invasion and bone metastasis, indicating its dual risk association depending on tumour context; the variant is associated with both lower risk and poor clinical outcomes.

The authors demonstrate a cavity enhancement of single artificial atoms at telecommunication wavelengths in silicon by coupling them to highly optimized photonic crystal cavities, showing intensity enhancement and highly pure single-photon emission.

Structural and single-molecule analyses show the CTPase, KorB, is a sliding DNA clamp that interacts with a clamp-locking protein KorA to inhibit gene expression over distances of more than 1 kb in the multi-drug resistance RK2 plasmid.

Analyses of 2,658 whole genomes across 38 types of cancer identify the contribution of non-coding point mutations and structural variants to driving cancer.

Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease derived from individuals of European ancestry can show improved performance in multiancestry settings after incorporating genome-wide association summary statistics from diverse populations.