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Analyses of learning mechanisms, pupillometry, and fMRI data from healthy participants in a cognitive estimation task reveal neural dynamics related to how self-efficacy beliefs are formed, as well as how this process is impacted by emotions.

Designing a supervised latent factor framework for snRNA-seq human brain, the authors find distinct Alzheimer’s-predictive gene modules across celltypes, suggesting subcelltype disease progression trajectories.

A genome-wide association study on classic bladder exstrophy reveals eight genome-wide significant loci, most of which contained genes expressed in embryonic developmental bladder stages.

A multi-ethnic meta-analysis of exome array data from over 27,000 participants identifies several rare variants that could contribute to risk of ocular refractive error.

ST3Gal1 is a sialyltransferase that is upregulated by androgen receptor inhibitors and synthesizes ligands for immunosuppressive Siglec-7/9 receptors.

A genome-wide association study of 57 trace elements measured in up to 6564 Scandinavians, identifies genetic loci associated with blood levels of essential and non-essential trace elements and explores their effects on health outcomes.

The responses of freshwater stream biodiversity and biomass to temperature in Arctic regions varies with biogeography.

An 8.7 million year old ape from Türkiye shows that Mediterranean fossil apes are diverse and part of the first known radiation of hominines (African apes and humans). Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that hominines originate in Europe.

Christopher Lietz et al. examined genome-wide methylation in patient cohorts of primary osteosarcoma. Their results suggest that genomic hypomethylation is predictive of response to standard chemotherapy, and provide further insight into clinical implications of methylation patterns.

Max Tamlander et al. combine polygenic risk scores and clinical assessments to improve prediction of coronary artery disease and type 2 diabetes in European cohorts. Taken together, their results provide a useful method for preliminary cardiometabolic risk assessment in patients.

Astros Skuladottir et al. conducted a genome-wide association study on 48,072 vertigo cases and 894,541 controls from four populations with European ancestries. They identified six common variants associated with vertigo, thereby providing further insight into the etiology of vestibular disorders.

A large multi-ancestry genome-wide meta-analysis identifies novel basal cell carcinoma loci and shared genetic effects with squamous cell carcinoma, providing insight into the genetic basis of these serious forms of cancer.

Connectome harmonic decomposition analysis reveals how neuromodulation and the network architecture of the human connectome jointly shape consciousness and distributed functional activation across scales.

Mice hemizygous for the 16p11.2 deletion exhibit localized functional dysconnectivity and altered GABAergic gene expression, implicating GABAergic dysfunction and resulting connectivity changes in attentional changes in autism spectrum disorder.

Infants with heightened vs. lower likelihood of developing autism spectrum disorder exhibit different functional connectivity patterns in the salience network. These patterns predict sensory and social behaviors at 1 year of age.

Mice lacking the Na ⁺ -activated K⁺ channel, Slack, exhibit increased severity of acute kainic-acid induced seizures, suggesting a crucial role for this channel in neuronal excitability.

Mendelian randomization analysis leveraging data from the UK Biobank and 23andMe, Inc., suggests that an individual’s sleep habits may impact those of their partner.

A fMRI analysis of human participants performing speech repetition tasks provides evidence for the existence of multiple, degenerate neural pathways capable of facilitating auditory repetition.

Auditory responses in zebra finches exposed to a novel canary environment show a surprising transient reversal of typical brain lateralization together with improved discrimination of canary vocalizations, thereby suggesting that lateralization is not fixed, but dynamically regulated.

Integrated systems analysis on mouse liver proteomic and transcriptomic data of multiple lifespan-extending interventions highlights the overarching biological processes involved in aging and longevity.

Analysis of diffusion MRI and word production through spoken language and singing in a cohort of 45 stroke survivors demonstrates that impaired speech and singing ability relies on the disruption of partially overlapping brain circuits.

A genome-wide association study highlights the shared or unique genetic etiology of polyunsaturated fatty acids across diverse ancestry groups.

Robert Kozol et al. developed two zebrafish Shank3 models to characterize the basis of sensorimotor deficits, which are a consistent feature in SHANK3-deficient human patients (Phelan-McDermid Syndrome). Their results suggest that hindbrain regions require Shank3 for normal responses to light, and provide further insight toward the biology of sensory deficits in Shank3 mutants.

An analysis of phasing and imputation performances using iPSYCH consortium data across multiple methods and data integration protocols provides a useful framework in designing workflows to construct next-generation biobanks or conduct biobank-scale analyses.

An indirect CRISPR screening system based on the photoconvertible fluorescent protein, Dendra2, enables the discovery of elements responsible for drug resistance from cell–cell interactions.

HaploCoV is a software framework that enables users to explore the genetic diversity of SARS-CoV-2 variants in time and across different geographic locales, as well as prioritize emerging variants for further investigation.

A wide-field imaging system uses birefringence to efficiently permit quantitative fluorophore concentration mapping, with clear relevance for neurosurgery.

A network analysis on deconvoluted bulk transcriptomic data from human Alzheimer’s disease cohorts identifies several potential key disease drivers, including JMJD6.

This study generates genome assemblies for seven major haplogroups of the human Y chromosome at a unique resolution that overcomes the structurally complex regions within. These data enable the detection and profiling of epigenetic modifications among the considered haplogroups.

A high-throughput screening pipeline tests the feasibility of targeting the sporozoite stage of P. falciparum through chemical interventions and identifies gramicidin as a potential sporontocidal agent.

Puan and San Luis et al. find that FUT6, encoding a fucosyltransferase, is required for the “rolling” behavior of certain white blood cells that enables them to move from blood vessels to tissues. They show that FUT6 deficiency leads to a loss of the tetrasaccharide sLex on the surface of basophils, resulting in cells that are less sticky and therefore less able to form the necessary adhesions for exiting the blood vessel to drive the allergic reaction.

Fernando Alvira-Iraizoz and Benjamin T. Gillard et al. comprehensively catalogue the kidney transcriptome and proteome of dromedary camels in response to chronic dehydration stress and subsequent acute rehydration. Their results suggest that the suppression of the cholesterol biosynthesis may facilitate water retention in the dromedary camel kidney, providing further insight into how these animals survive in arid conditions.

Nick Spencer et al. made simultaneous multi-site electrophysiological recordings with video imaging of colonic wall movements from ex vivo mouse colon, in order to correlate propulsion of content with underlying electrical signals from the smooth muscle. Their results demonstrate that excitatory and inhibitory junction potentials are synchronized in both the proximal and distal colon, suggesting that the enteric nervous system network communicates over a longer range than previously expected.

Mito-SiPE is a mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) enrichment method that can derive high-quality mtDNA for rare heteroplasmy analysis, without relying on PCR or probes.

A method for detection of somatic variants is presented for the intraoperative evaluation of tumor mutations in less than 30 min, using rapid DNA extraction, in silico optimized LAMP amplification, and a LAMP product analysis tool: LAMPrey.

Comprehensive profiling of ligand-induced perturbation responses of the MCF10A mammary epithelial cell line provides an exhaustive resource for identification of the molecular basis of cellular phenotypes.

Perturbations in a large-scale whole-brain model suggest that anesthesia and injury may be imparting functionally similar effects in terms of brain dynamics.

Fairbrother-Browne and collaborators analyze the relationship between nuclear and mitochondrial gene expression across the human brain and find correlation profiles that are governed by regional patterns. They show that these correlations are disrupted in neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting the relevance of mito-nuclear interactions for normal brain function.

Florian Uellendahl-Werth et al. conduct cross-tissue transcriptome-wide association studies to explore genetic mechanisms shared across immune-related and psychiatric traits. Their results identify several genes (including PPP3CA) that could mediate the interplay between psychiatric and inflammatory disease.

A deep learning model trained on roughly 2,600 synaptic traces from hippocampal electrophysiology datasets demonstrates how specific covariates influence synaptic signals.

Matthew Parker et al. use the ARTIC network tiled amplicon PCR and Oxford Nanopore sequencing of thousands of SARS-CoV-2 samples to detect subgenomic RNA changes in the B.1.1.7 lineage endemic in the UK in late 2020/early 2021. They discovered higher subgenomic RNA in B.1.1.7 compared to previous lineages, and find a noncanonical subgenomic RNA that could encode ORF9b.

Jan Frankowski and Andrzej Foik et al. characterized neuroanatomical, electrophysiological, and functional deficits in the primary visual cortex of mice after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Their results suggest that TBI produces long-lasting impairments to V1 neurons, and provide further insight into circuit dysfunction following injury of the visual cortex.

A high-quality genome for the parasitic tapeworm, Echinococcus granulosus, provides further insight into the EG95 vaccine target for cystic echinococcosis.

A large-scale GWAS provides insight on diabetes-dependent genetic effects on the glomerular filtration rate, a common metric to monitor kidney health in disease.

Yeonmi Lee, Aysha Trout, Nuria Marti-Guiterrez et al. examine different aspects of somatic cell haploidization in mouse enucleated oocytes. Their results provide further insight into generating oocytes carrying somatic genomes.