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Fang and colleagues show that the metabolite succinate can inhibit succinylation, and consequently protection from ubiquitin-mediated degradation, of the transcription factor FOXP3, with consequences on T_reg cell-suppressive function and IBD pathology.

The authors introduce SelectID, an approach combining CRISPR-guided targeting with methylation-sensitive labeling to identify proteins interacting with methylated repetitive sequences. They suggest that CHD4 directly binds young LINE-1 retrotransposons, suppressing their activity.

Nanonization of battery electrode particles is a usual way to enhance their conductivity, but the decreased tap density is detrimental to battery performance. Here, the authors coat micron-sized lithium iron phosphate with a conducting polymer layer and demonstrate some excellent electrochemical properties.

Wang et al. profile the translatome of haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) and downstream progenitors and lineages. They identify the SNORD113–114 cluster as a modulator of translation and self-renewal in HSCs.

Acidic electrochemical CO₂ conversion is a promising alternative to overcome low CO₂ utilization. Here, the authors report a robust carbon coated tip-like In₂O₃ electrocatalyst that demonstrates an enhanced activity for the direct production of HCOOH in a strongly acidic and low K⁺ electrolyte.

Measurements of thermal transport along 3C-SiC nanowires with and without a gold coating on the end(s) suggest that thermally excited surface phonon polaritons can be used in nanostructures to substantially enhance thermal conductivity.

FSP1 suppress ferroptosis by reducing CoQ₁₀, yet the underlying mechanism how FSP1 reduces CoQ remains unknown. Here, the authors reveal that the homodimerization of FSP1 via its unique CTD is required for the catalytic activity and ferroptosis suppression and provide insight potentially useful to drug design.

The thermal conductivity of a bundle of boron nanoribbons can be significantly higher than that of a single free-standing ribbon, and can be switched between this enhanced value and that of a single nanoribbon by wetting the interface between the nanoribbons with various solutions.

Dysfunction of enteropeptidase (EP) can result in pancreatitis, a life-threatening disease. Yang et al. report a series of EP structures representing the EP catalytic cycle and propose a mechanistic model of enzyme function.

We report on a method for inducing uncontaminated and precise inhomogeneous strain in nanoscale silicon ribbons and its use for determining physical effects in these strained materials, in particular, an increase in the range and control of thermal conductivity.

El-Shennawy et al. report that ACE2⁺ circulating extracellular vesicles (evACE2) are associated with COVID-19 severity and that evACE2 inhibits the infection of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern at a higher efficacy than soluble ACE2.

A 1/3 power law between thermal conductivity and length of a NbSe₃ nanowire is observed, pointing towards a superdiffusive heat transport regime.

Synthetic polymers form highly selective molecular recognition motifs for biomolecules on adsorption onto single-walled carbon nanotubes.

STING is an important component of the innate immune system involved in the direct response to the bacterial second messenger c-di-GMP. The structures of human STING in the presence and absence of c-di-GMP show how recognition of c-di-GMP is achieved by dimeric STING, providing a basis for future studies investigating signal transduction mechanisms.

Doping generally hinders phonon transport. Here, authors significantly increase the thermal conductivity of TiS3 nanoribbons through doping, originating from the intensified bonding strength along the molecular chain direction without distorting the one-dimensional structure induced by doped atoms.

Measuring the impact of energy policies towards emissions reduction and other sustainability goals is critical for designing effective future policy. Meng et al. assess the impact of energy policies in 42 Asia–Pacific countries and find that strategies are more effective than laws or regulations.

Targeting the immune-stimulatory receptor 4-1BB has only yielded modest benefit in cancer treatment. In this study, the authors show that CD73 expression on effector T cells sustained by TGF-β drives tumor resistance to anti-4-1BB therapy and therefore TGF- β blockade can be used to overcome such resistance.

A CRISPR-based screening platform was used to identify previously uncharacterized genes that regulate the regulatory T cell-specific master transcription factor Foxp3, indicating that this screening method may be broadly applicable for the discovery of other genes involved in autoimmunity and immune responses to cancer.

Dendritic cells are critical for initiation of immune responses and for induction of tolerance. Here the authors show that deletion of survival factor c-flip in CD11c-expressing cells subset perturbs CD8a⁺dendritic cell, NK and macrophage pools, and leads to development of autoimmune arthritis.

Hrd1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase involved in ER-associated degradation and MHC I turnover. Here the authors use T-cell-specific ko mice and a mouse model of multiple sclerosis to show that Hrd1 also drives pro-inflammatory T helper cell responses and contributes to pathogenesis of autoimmune disease.

Patients with diabetes are more susceptible to suffer from more severe COVID-19. Tong et al. identify a glucose-like metabolite that is reduced in patients with diabetes and has the ability to prevent cellular infection by SARS-CoV-2

SVision-pro enables pairwise genome comparison and improves de novo and somatic structural variant calling.

The present study reveals that the hepatitis-B (HBV) antigen HBeAg found in HBV⁺HCC upregulates long non-coding RNA MAPKAPK5_AS1 (MAAS) expression in M2 macrophages by affecting its m6A modification. MAAS is transferred to HBV⁺HCC cells via exosomes, which in turn facilitates their proliferation. This is a novel role for MAAS and further elucidates the mechanism of HBeAg-induced HBV-related HCC development.