Search

Nucleotide second messengers, such as cAMP and c-di-GMP, regulate many physiological processes in bacteria, including biofilm formation. Here, the authors provide evidence of cross-talk between cAMP and c-di-GMP pathways through direct interaction of their effectors, showing that the cAMP receptor protein (CRP) can play regulatory roles at the post-translational level.

Here, the authors show how HSV-1 rewires the host cell’s chromatin architecture during lytic infection by hijacking transcription machinery and forming contacts between viral and host genomes.

The authors present experimental evidence of three-dimensional superinsulation in a nanopatterned slab of NbTiN. In the electric Meissner state, they find polar nematic order arising from ferroelectric alignment of short electric strings excited by external electromagnetic fields.

The ultrastrong coupling regime in circuit QED allows to observe puzzling phenomena such as multiphoton exchanges between qubits and resonators. Here, the authors use two flux qubits ultrastrongly coupled to a common LC resonator to verify an earlier prediction of avoided crossing between a single photon state and a state with both of the qubits being excited.

Fusarium crown rot disease threatens wheat yields. Here, the authors report roles for wheat TaSnRK1α and a catalase antioxidant enzyme in mediating Fusarium crown rot resistance by scavenging reactive oxygen species in wheat plants.

In a cluster-randomized trial conducted across 70 medical centers in six countries, a 16-week structured educational program for healthcare providers improved adherence to guidelines for rhythm control but not for stroke prevention in individuals with atrial fibrillation.

Qiao et al. report the design and characterization of an optogenetic platform for the dynamic control of protein expression and secretion by engineered bacteria, with implications for cancer therapy.

Magnetostructural changes are usually small and driven by spin–orbit coupling. Now, electron–lattice coupling enhanced by exchange interactions is shown to produce giant magnetostriction in a correlated ferromagnet.

A quantum kernel estimation by which feature data points are evaluated through the unitary evolution of two-boson Fock states is experimentally demonstrated on a photonic integrated processor. This model provides enhanced accuracy with respect to commonly used classical methods for several classification tasks.

This study uncovered genetic associations with environmental sensitivity in psychiatric and neurodevelopmental traits in an international collaboration using data from more than 21,000 monozygotic twins—the largest genetic study of monozygotic twin differences to date.

Here the authors show that the biological fate of rare earth nanoparticles can be genetically controlled by SMPD1 in cells, offering insights for the prevention or treatment of rare earth associated hazard effects, such as inflammation and pneumoconiosis.

A genome-wide screen using human gut epithelial organoids combined with transposon-directed insertion sequencing identifies over 100 Shigella flexneri genes required for epithelial colonization.

Decarbonizing the steel industry is essential for achieving sustainable development. Here the authors propose a decarbonization strategy for the steel industry that could substantially reduce carbon emissions and is easily adaptable to existing facilities.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

GPCR:β-arrestin coupling is a dynamic process modulated by several factors, including membrane lipids. Here, authors show how PI(4,5)P2 favors the coupling of βarrestin 1 to the ghrelin receptor and modulates the arrangement of the resulting complex.

Signal recording from hundreds of microelectrodes on ultra-thin and flexible arrays is a challenge in neurotech. Here, the authors show that these recordings are compromised by crosstalk. An algorithm was developed to eliminate crosstalk offline, helping to come closer to ground truth data.

Nitrile reduction is a simple method for the generation of amines, though successful catalysts use expensive precious metals such as ruthenium. Here, the authors use an iron complex, demonstrating its application in the hydrogenation of nitriles and dinitriles to primary amines.

How spatial gene expression patterns are orchestrated by enhancers is not fully elucidated. Here the authors present a computational framework called eSpatial revealing a “spatial enhancer code,” where divergent enhancer combinations regulate spatial gene expression during development and diseases.

Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease derived from individuals of European ancestry can show improved performance in multiancestry settings after incorporating genome-wide association summary statistics from diverse populations.

Both environmental factors and genetic factors influence human immunity. Albert and colleagues leverage data from the Milieu Intérieur Consortium to comprehensively describe the effects of lifestyle, environment and genetics on human innate and adaptive immunity.

A genome-wide study by the Long COVID Host Genetics Initiative identifies an association between the FOXP4 locus and long COVID, implicating altered lung function in its pathophysiology.

A precise structure measurement of liquid carbon at pressures of around 1 million atmospheres obtained by in situ X-ray diffraction at an X-ray free-electron laser shows a complex fluid with transient bonding and approximately four nearest neighbours on average.

In vivo gene delivery to haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells in newborn mice using engineered lentiviral vectors shows promise as an effective treatment for genetic diseases.

Mutation of cancer cells under the selective pressure of vaccines and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment limit therapeutic efficacy of cancer neoantigen vaccine. Here this group develops a nanovaccine delivering nAg and induce in situ cancer vaccination to synergistically promote a personalized immune response, enhance antigen diffusion, and improve the microenvironment by modulating immunosuppressive cells and activating the innate immune response.

Brillouin scattering microscopy is prone to artefacts and inconsistencies. This Consensus statement provides recommendations for measuring and reporting relevant parameters with the aim of standardizing protocols and improving the comparability of studies.

DNA double strand break repair pathways ensure genome stability and prevent disease. Here the authors show that the actin nucleating factor DIAPH1 and γ-actin promote homologous recombination (HR)-dependent repair. Inherited mutations in DIAPH1 or ACTG1 give rise to clinical deficits similar to those associated with defective HR.

A facile light-triggered doping strategy involving a series of inactive photoactivable dopants is described that facilitates tunable regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors, resulting in stable patterning of the doping profile at record high resolutions.

2D hexagonal boron arsenide (h-BAs) is predicted to show interesting electronic and thermal properties, but its synthesis has so far remained elusive. Here, the authors report a method to synthesize 2D crystalline h-BAs nanosheets, showing their application for the realization of rigid and flexible low-power memristors.

Entanglement of polymers underlies a variety of phenomena across multiple scales that are driven by different active processes. Here, the authors study the viscoelastic properties of highly entangled, flexible, self-propelled polymers using Brownian dynamics simulations and show that the active motion of the polymers increase the elasticity of the solution by orders of magnitude due to the emergence of grip forces at entanglement points and increases with polymer length and activity.

The homeostasis and function of adipose tissue are tightly regulated by immune cells, with macrophages playing a pivotal role. Here the authors show that PpargHIGH macrophages positively enhance brown adipose tissue thermogenesis through GDF15.

This study presents BOOST, a rapid and robust expansion microscopy workflow using microwave-accelerated chemistry to achieve a single-step 10-fold expansion of cells, tissue sections, and FFPE sections. The workflow enables high-resolution visualisation of biological structures and is adaptable for broad applications.

Integration of color centers in wide-band semiconductors with electronic and photonic devices is required for their applications in quantum technologies. Here the authors report electronic, optical and spin control of a single vacancy center in a 4H-SiC Schottky diode integrated with optical microstructures.

Landauer’s principle connects entropy and energy dissipation in non-equilibrium processes. An experiment now uses this principle to measure entropy production in a Bose gas to resolve contributions from correlations and dissipation.

Reliably probing rejuvenation and memory effects in spin glasses by means of simulations is difficult. Now, a state-of-the-art numerical study shows that at least three different length scales play a crucial role in aging dynamics of spin glasses.

A study by Tajadura-Ortega et al. uses glycan microarrays to reveal how vaginal microbiota interacts with host glycans, offering insights into how glycan interactions influence bacterial colonization and competition.

Despite being an important driver of a subset of medulloblastomas, efforts to therapeutically target Sonic Hedgehog (SHH) signaling, such as with the use of Smoothened (SMO) inhibitors, have had limited success. Here, the authors find that SHH medulloblastomas are sensitive to netrin-1 inhibition and investigate netrin-1 as a mechanism of resistance to SMO inhibition.

An ultra-low-loss integrated photonic chip fabricated on a customized multilayer silicon nitride 300-mm wafer platform, coupled over fibre with high-efficiency photon number resolving detectors, is used to generate Gottesman–Kitaev–Preskill qubit states.

Here, by realising nonlinear optical spectroscopy at the atomic length scale, the authors capture complex energy-dependent dynamics of hot carriers in a single molecule. The hot carrier and the nonlinear-wave mixing signals are enhanced at the regions of high local density of states in the molecule.

Native mass spectrometry can be combined with lipidomic experiments to determine the structural and functional lipids of receptor and transporter assemblies. This protocol describes how to use initial native mass spectrometry results to guide experimental design.

Nanopore direct RNA sequencing is promising for epitranscriptome study but remains limited in single-molecule resolution. Here, the authors develop SingleMod, a tool for accurate single-molecule m6A detection from DRS and reveal cross-species epitranscriptome landscapes at single-molecule level.

The mechanisms whereby METH yields strong addiction potential is not fully understood. Here, authors show that METH may impair the function of the endogenous OXT system, particularly the PVN^OXT-NAc core pathway, suggesting OXT-based therapies for METH use disorder (MUD).

Elevated ceramides have been implicated in endothelial dysfunction, preceding cardiometabolic diseases. Yet, direct in vivo evidence is lacking. Here we show that suppression of ceramides and S1P are causally linked to endothelial dysfunction contributing to cardiometabolic disease in obese mice

The germline is established during embryogenesis when primordial germ cells are first specified. Here they show that the RNA-binding proteins DND1 and NANOS3 function together to repress the translation of SOX4, restricting the germ cell lineage specification during embryonic development.