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Preliminary results from an investigator-initiated clinical trial showed that an AAV-OTOF gene therapy was safe and led to hearing improvements in ten patients with congenital deafness with 6–12 months of follow-up, including in a teenager and a young adult, expanding the age range from previous trials.

An electrolyte design using small-sized fluoroacetonitrile solvents to form a ligand channel produces lithium-ion batteries simultaneously achieving high energy density, fast charging and wide operating temperature range, desirable features for batteries working in extreme conditions.

The Vesta anorthosite meteorite discovery suggests Vesta experienced a lunar magma ocean-like process. Anorthite formed during magma crystallization could have floated to the surface of Vesta, creating a primary anorthositic crust.

Su et al. report that the super-enhancer K5aSE orchestrates Klf5andadditional targets via 3D chromatin interactions in ES cells, with CTCF-mediated chromatin domains maintaining this regulatory network essential for ES cell identity.

The heterogeneity of HSPCs in response to IR stress remains poorly characterized. Here, the authors provide insights into the molecular intricacies of IR-induced BM injury and reveal the roles of BMP4-BMPR2 signaling in radiation resistance of HSCs.

Controlling selectivity between H₂O splitting and CO₂ reduction remains challenging in artificial photosynthesis. Here, the authors report light-driven conversion of Fe to FeCo bimetallic sites in nitroprusside, switching catalytic selectivity from H₂ evolution to CO₂ reduction.

Metal-tip-based electron sources are constrained by a trade-off between energy spread and pulse width. Here the authors report a carbon-nanotube-based electron source with a 0.3-eV energy spread and an electron pulse width of about 13 fs.

During chronic but not acute inflammation, chromatin remodelling is influenced by nuclear autophagy through WSTF interaction with ATG8 in the nucleus, leading to WSTF nuclear export and its subsequent degradation.

The Einstein Probe has discovered a fast X-ray transient, EP240414a, associated with a broad-lined type Ic supernova. Its unusually soft spectrum and weak jet add to the diversity of stellar deaths and suggest a previously unknown Wolf–Rayet star explosion mechanism.

This study is an analysis of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae from 2005 to 2024, which showed significant differences across countries, and Clone Group 1 emerged as the principal dissemination vector globally.

The genetic basis underlying resistance to Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) in oilseed rape remains elusive. Here, the authors identify BnaA07.MKK9 as a pivotal regulator of SSR resistance in oilseed rape by GWAS, providing new insights into plant defense mechanisms against necrotrophic pathogens.

Uniaxial magnetic anisotropy typically arises from either magnetocrystalline anisotropy or shape anisotropy. Here, Mohapatra et al, starting from low anisotropy and coercivity nanoparticles, show how under compression, nanoparticle chains/arrays form which exhibit significantly enhanced uniaxial anisotropy.

Cao et al. report an A-site co-doping strategy by substituting Cs+ cation by alkali metals for perovskite quantum wires embedded in nanoporous alumina template, stabilising the crystal structure and enabling high-colour purity LEDs spanning from blue to green spectral region.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Shoot branching is critical in determining soybean yield. Here, the authors report natural variation of Dt2 in controlling soybean branching number and the interaction of Dt2 with GmAgl22 and GmSoc1a to activate transcription of GmAp1a and GmAp1d.

Lan et al. demonstrate the high performance of plasma p-tau217 in detecting and tracking multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, outperforming other plasma tau biomarkers across two Chinese cohorts (GHABS and Huashan) and the North American ADNI cohort.

The effects of non-reacting components on polyatomic reactions are still largely unclear. Here, the authors show through a combined experimental and theoretical study of the D + CH₄ reaction that the CH₃ umbrella bending mode serves as a reporter mode, revealing how the D atom dynamically approaches CH₄.

Zhang and colleagues characterize a subset of nerve-associated CX3CR1⁺ liver portal area macrophages that maintain immune homeostasis and attenuate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis.

A nanobody was identified that targets the N-terminal fragment of the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor ADGRG2, allosterically enhances activation by the natural agonist dehydroepiandrosterone and restores signaling in mutant receptors.

Through multimodal analyses of human cardiac tissues across different ages, Fan, Zheng, Zhan, Xu, Liu and colleagues reveal that RNA-binding protein ARID5A drives inflammaging by stabilizing the MAVS mRNA and activating the NF-κB–TBK1 pathway, and show that inactivating myocardial ARID5A attenuates cardiac senescence and functional decline.

Liu et al. developed a platform to identify transcription factors (TFs) that turn stem cells into desired cell types. They discovered six key TFs that produce microglia efficiently, enhancing cell differentiation methods.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

A facile light-triggered doping strategy involving a series of inactive photoactivable dopants is described that facilitates tunable regionally controlled n-doping of organic semiconductors, resulting in stable patterning of the doping profile at record high resolutions.

The mechanism of HIV-1 latency reversal remains unclear. The authors suggest that PRMT3 drives the reversal by enhancing chromatin accessibility to form a transcriptional hub containing TEAD4 and P-TEFb at the viral promoter.

A pangenome of wild and cultivated rice accessions captures the entire set of non-redundant genes and diversity in rice, and provides insights into the pathways involved in the evolution of rice.

With the generation of large pan-cancer whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing projects, a question remains about how comparable these datasets are. Here, using The Cancer Genome Atlas samples analysed as part of the Pan-Cancer Analysis of Whole Genomes project, the authors explore the concordance of mutations called by whole exome sequencing and whole genome sequencing techniques.

The passivation of surface defects is critical in perovskite photovoltaics yet challenging to implement in practice. Wang et al. show that fluorinated isopropanol allows the use of a high concentration of passivator molecules, ensuring the complete passivation of defects.

Mechanical forces play a critical role in regulating cancer cell behavior. Here, Li et al. report a 3D hydrogel platform embedded with near-infrared responsive macromolecular actuators for precise mechanical stimulation of specific integrin subtypes in ovarian cancer cells to investigate how different force parameters affect cell migration and invasion.

DNA strand displacement reactions can be difficult to scale up for computational tasks. Here the authors develop DNA switching circuits that achieve high-speed computing with fewer molecules.

The authors present an efficient hot-electron generation system facilitated by the spin-exchange Auger process in Mn2 + -doped CdS/ZnS quantum dots. These hot electrons can be used in a wide range of organic reactions, such as the Birch reduction and reductive cleavage of C-Cl, C-Br, C-I, C-O, C-C, and N-S bonds.

Controlling the excitation energy transfer between photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes is key for advancing artificial photosynthetic systems. Here, the authors report the enhanced excitation energy transfer between photosynthetic light-harvesting 2 complexes (LH2) mediated by an optical microcavity in both strong and weak exciton-photon coupling regimes.

Spatial planning and policy could guide China’s livestock sector towards reducing human exposure to ammonia—provided that 5–10 billion animals are relocated across the region.

Researchers have been working on radiosensitizers to improve radiotherapy efficacy. Here the authors generate gadolinium nanotexaphyrins (Gd-NTs) that self-assemble and further load it with myoglobulin to relieve hypoxia, improve radiosensitization effects of Gd-coordinated Texaphyrin, and suppress tumor recurrence.

The role of outer mitochondrial membrane proteins in Myocardial Ischemia-reperfusion Injury (MIRI) largely remains unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that the outer mitochondrial membrane protein Myocardial Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling (MAVS) protein promotes MIRI suggesting MAVS protein as potential therapeutic target.

How to achieve ideal antiferroelectricity with sharp switching in nanoscale thin films remains challenges. The authors here unveil the selective stepwise transition, achieve ideal antiferroelectricity with large digital electrostrain in PbZrO₃ epitaxial thin films.

The mechanisms underlying the invasiveness and aggressiveness of pituitary neuroendocrine tumours (PitNETs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing and spatial transcriptomics to characterise the tumour microenvironment of PitNETs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

Enhancer RNAs (eRNAs) regulate gene expression in cancer. Here, the authors identify the eRNA SNAI1e as a key activator of SNAI1 expression, promoting TGF-β-induced EMT, migration, and chemotherapy resistance in breast cancer by enhancing BRD4 enrichment at the SNAI1 enhancer.

Cr³⁺-sensitized lanthanide-doped nanoparticles afford high-brightness luminescence in the near-infrared region for applications in in vivo non-invasive bioimaging.

The molecular mechanisms underlying the function of different cellular states in glioblastoma stem cells (GSCs) remain poorly understood. Here, the authors perform integrated single cell and bulk analysis of GSCs and identify potential therapeutic targets.

The authors propose a high entropy modulation design in a quantum paraelectric ferroelectric/antiferroelectric matrix, showing high energy storage performance. Through entropy engineering, the microstructure of the material is changed with higher fluctuation on the B-site of the perovskite.

Spin-1/2 Heisenberg chains are fabricated through on-surface synthesis and reduction. As the chain length increases, the spin excitation gaps decrease, suggesting a gapless state in the thermodynamic limit. Spinon dispersion observed in the spin chains highlights the potential of this approach for realizing custom quantum spin systems.

Adult zebrafish possess the ability to regenerate injured hearts through a complex orchestration of molecular and cellular activities. Here, the authors present a single cell and spatially-resolved atlas of the regenerating zebrafish heart, which serves as a valuable resource for research on heart regeneration.

Understanding the inner workings of complex magnetoelectric multiferroics remains a challenge, as macroscopic techniques characterize average responses rather than the role of individual iron centers. Here, the authors reveal the origin of high-temperature magnetism in multiferroic superlattices.

Single-cell sequencing reveals cellular heterogeneity but is challenged by technical noise and batch effects. Here, authors present CellFM, an 800-million-parameter foundation model trained on 100 million human cells through the MindSpore framework, which outperforms existing models in downstream tasks.

The CAPItello-291 phase 3 study reported that capivasertib (an AKT inhibitor) and fulvestrant (a selective estrogen receptor degrader) improved progression free survival in patients with HR-positive/HER2-negative advanced breast cancer. Here, the authors report the results of an extended Chinese cohort recruited as part of the original global CAPItello-291 study.