In this Perspective the authors discuss strategies for the development of improved fluorescent proteins, with a focus on probes at the red end of the spectrum. They synthesize the literature on chromophore photochemistry and protein structure to identify residues for targeted mutagenesis, and consider improvements in molecular evolution methodologies to enable improved screening for desired probes.
- Fedor V Subach
- Kiryl D Piatkevich
- Vladislav V Verkhusha
