Search

Several electrochromic material systems have been described but the electrochromic phenomenon has rarely been observed in non-metallic elemental substances. Here, the authors describe iodine electrodeposition-based electrochromic windows using a water-in-salt electrolyte containing iodine ions, achieving optical contrast, near colour neutrality, and excellent cycling stability.

The Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model is a prototypical model of topological states, initially proposed to describe spinless electrons on a one-dimensional (1D) dimerized lattice. Here, the authors realize a 2D SSH model in a rectangular lattice of silicon atoms on a silver substrate, observing gapped Dirac cones by angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy.

Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy is widely used for rapid and sensitive molecular detection in chemistry and biology, but typically relies on noble metals. Here the authors report a non-stoichiometric semiconducting material with defect-rich surface that displays excellent detection limits and enhancement factors.

The complexity of carbohydrate structures makes their synthesis challenging. Now, an automated glycan synthesizer is reported which is capable of preparing a library of bioactive oligosaccharides, including a fully protected fondaparinux pentasaccharide. Furthermore, the synthesizer can rapidly assemble arabinans up to 1,080-mer size, starting from monosaccharide building blocks.

Two photon polymerization (TPP) allows nanofabrication of three dimensional objects with complex geometries, but is considered to be slow with a limited fabrication rate. Here the authors present a TPP technique based on a digital mirror device scanner which allows for fast parallel nanofabrication with improved precision and flexibility.

Urea oxidation could be a lower-energy alternative to water oxidation in hydrogen-producing electrolysers, but improved catalysts are required to facilitate the reaction. Geng et al. report nickel ferrocyanide as a promising catalyst and suggest that it operates via a different pathway to that of previous materials.

This study identifies a role for AIF acetylation in triggering necrotic chromatinolysis and reveals that blocking the late stage of necrosis by deacetylating AIF could offer a potential therapeutic approach for necrosis-associated diseases.

A copper(II)-functionalized Mycobacterium smegmatis porin A nanopore enables direct identification of all 20 proteinogenic amino acids, one unnatural amino acid and two post-translational modifications, and shows potential for peptide discrimination and sequencing.

piRNA processing factors and piRNA/PIWI complex are found in intermitochondrial cement (IMC) and chromatoid body (CB). Here, the authors show that piRNA loading orchestrates MIWI translocation from the IMC to CB, demonstrating its crucial role in spermatogenesis.

Sugar metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of various diseases including cancer. Here, the authors report a thermal proteome profiling (TPP)-based strategy to profile the FBP interactome and describe a chemical signaling role for FBP, contributing to an intrapathway feedback for glycolysis and cell proliferation.

The mode of action of the biological Dnd antiphage defence system to cleave foreign DNA was not known. Now the activities of Dnd protein complexes are revealed, and a mechanism to discriminate between self-DNA and invading DNA is proposed.

roX (RNA on the X) are crucial for male development in Drosophila. Here, the authors propose a role for roX RNAs in regulating gene expression at specific autosomal loci, working in coordination with Polycomb repressive complexes (PRCs).

Chondrocyte senescence is known to play a role in the occurrence and progression of osteoarthritis. Here, the authors demonstrate that 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a small molecule derived from the food nutrient royal jelly, can prevent osteoarthritis by delaying chondrocyte senescence through targeting aspartyl β-hydroxylase.

The application of the LCC variant of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) hydrolase for industrial degradation of PET has been hindered by the 10% of nonbiodegradable PET. Here, the authors use a computational strategy to engineer TurboPETase which outperforms other PETase variants and achieves nearly complete depolymerization of the postconsumer PET bottles at a high, industrially relevant, level of solids loading.

A comparative analysis of bat genomes, including five newly assembled chromosome-scale genomes, provides insights into the diversification of horseshoe bats and reveals molecular adaptations with a potential role in antiviral immune response.

A 3D-printed terahertz metalens is designed and demonstrated with ultra-broadband achromatic super-resolution wide-angle capability, based on which super-resolution imaging on subwavelength microstructures is achieved with a spatial resolution of 0.2 mm with a 90^◦ FOV.

Here, the authors target intratumoral T_reg cells to enhance antitumor immunity without affecting systemic T_reg cell function and identify JMJD1C as a critical epigenetic regulator of tumor T_reg cell fitness.

Concurrent tandem catalysis, with two or more catalysts conducting multistep reactions in the same reactor, would be beneficial for (bio)pharmaceutical and fine chemical manufacturing. Here, the authors report the co-immobilization of metal nanoparticles and a biocatalytic multienzyme system within a synthetic covalent organic framework capsule, COFcap-2, and employ it to prepare eleven homochiral amines using dinitrogen as a feedstock.

Clean air actions affect air quality greatly. Here, the authors report widespread decreases in organic aerosol (OA) in China from 2013 to 2020 with primary OA decreasing more than secondary OA. However, further reductions are challenging.

The regulatory network governing triplex DNA dynamics remains poorly understood. Now it has been shown that chemoproteomic profiling—aided by the development of a triplex DNA-specific probe—reveals the binding and functional repertoire of proteins that interact with triplex DNA, providing a valuable resource for exploring the biology and translational potential of triplex DNA.

Diarrhoea is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in China. Here, the authors present results from a large sentinel surveillance scheme from 217 hospitals in all 31 provinces in mainland China, including ~150,000 patients with acute diarrhoea and covering years 2009-2018.

The mevalonate pathway intermediate farnesyl pyrophosphate is shown to regulate the survival of migratory dendritic cells by affecting their mitochondrial metabolism, thereby contributing to the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a profoundly lethal inflammatory condition with limited therapeutic options. Here, the authors present GV-971, an anti-Alzheimer's medication, as a promising candidate for SAP by effectively restoring intestinal microbiota homeostasis and metabolite profiles.

Cross-ancestry genome-wide association studies of 3,414 brain imaging phenotypes in Chinese Han and white British participants identify autosomal and X-chromosomal associations in more diverse populations.

Fine turning the local configuration of single atoms into substrate is challenging. Here, the authors report that burying single atoms into subsurface lattice of substrate can stimulate more surficial active sites and thus promote the overall catalytic performance in methanol electrooxidation.

This study explores the magnitude, spatiotemporal variation and drivers of nitrous oxide emissions from Chinese livestock production over the past four decades. Scenario analysis is used to estimate emissions mitigation potential of different measures, their associated marginal abatement costs and the social benefits.

A quantitative assessment suggests that the reductions in aerosol and ozone levels from 2014 to 2020 due to the clean air action in China led to a substantial increase in the national net primary productivity due to the weakened aerosol climatic effects, alleviated ozone vegetation damage and enhanced light availability.

Despite initial treatment with surgical resection, glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) frequently recurs. Here the authors report the design of an immunostimulatory autolysing Salmonella based-nanocapsule delivery system, promoting anti-tumor immune responses and preventing postoperative relapse in preclinical GBM models.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

Detection of invading bacteria is key to immunity. Here, the authors report cryo-electron microscopy structures of agonist-bound formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), that reveal structural basis for recognition of bacteria-derived formyl peptides.

Observations of γ-rays with energies up to 1.4 PeV find that 12 sources in the Galaxy are PeVatrons, one of which is the Crab Nebula.

Changes of left ventricular structure are used to predict morbidity and mortality in cardiovascular diseases. Here the authors conducted a study using advanced deep learning technology to analyze left ventricular regional wall thickness (LVRWT) in a large population, identifying 72 significant genetic loci linked to LVRWT traits.

The wild rice species can be used as germplasm resources for this crop’s genetic improvement. Here Chen and colleagues report the de novo sequencing of the O. brachyanthagenome, and identify the origin of genome size variation, the role of gene movement and its implications on heterochromatin evolution in the rice genome.

GPR88 is an orphan GPCR and regulates diverse brain functions. Here, the authors report two structures of the human GPR88-Gi complex, showing an allosteric ligand directly involved in the interaction interface between the receptor and G-protein, and a density which may represent an endogenous ligand of GPR88.

The SEED study is a phase 3 clinical trial demonstrating a beneficial effect on glycemic control of dorzagliatin, a glucokinase activator, in drug-naive patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes.

Hippo signaling controls cell and tissue growth. Geng et al. show that Hippo signaling is required for T_H17 cell differentiation but inhibits T_reg cell differentiation.

Solid organ transplant recipients are at increased risk of infectious disease and have unique molecular pathophysiology. Here the authors use host-microbe profiling to assess SARS-CoV-2 infection and immunity in solid organ transplant recipients, showing enhanced viral abundance, impaired clearance, and increased expression of innate immunity genes.

Spores harboring the gene circuit for the secretory expression of Burkholderia cepacia lipase were processed with poly(caprolactone) pellets to manufacture living plastics. Spore incorporation did not compromise the properties of the materials. Damage to the plastic surface and triggering of germinated cells caused secretion of the lipase, leading to depolymerization.

Decoding the pathogenic genes of the inherited anemia could provide us with novel regulators of pathological and physiological erythropoiesis. Here, the authors show TLR8 is expressed by erythroid cells and regulates erythropoiesis through interacting with EPO signaling.

Developing advanced Pt-based anodic catalysts is vital for direct formic acid fuel cell technology. Here, the authors present a synergistic amalgamation strategy to design diverse heterostructures, introducing a class of Pt-based catalysts with promising potential for practical applications.