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Electronic wound bandages have to balance conformability and wound healing properties. Here, the authors develop a smart patch (iSAFE) using biomaterials with bioelectronics to facilitate permeability with waterproofing. This achieves intelligent wound management with real-time wound monitoring and active therapy.

Cao et al. report an A-site co-doping strategy by substituting Cs+ cation by alkali metals for perovskite quantum wires embedded in nanoporous alumina template, stabilising the crystal structure and enabling high-colour purity LEDs spanning from blue to green spectral region.

The detailed structure of the native dystrophin–glycoprotein complex provides mechanistic insights into mutations underlying muscular dystrophy.

A computationally guided strategy enables the suppression of structural defects in tin halide perovskite nanocrystals. By combining tin-rich conditions to minimize bulk defects, introducing monovalent cations to produce defect-tolerant surfaces and tuning precursor ratios to optimize defect suppression, highly luminescent FASnI₃ nanocrystals are obtained.

Lan et al. demonstrate the high performance of plasma p-tau217 in detecting and tracking multiple aspects of Alzheimer’s disease pathology, outperforming other plasma tau biomarkers across two Chinese cohorts (GHABS and Huashan) and the North American ADNI cohort.

The functionalization of carbon–carbon bonds in amines remains an important challenge in organic synthesis. Now a borane-catalysed method has been developed that enables the insertion of alkynes into the alkyl C–C bonds of amines, providing a versatile approach for the ring expansion of cyclic amines and chain elongation of acyclic amines.

A stereotaxic atlas of the whole mouse brain, based on a Nissl-stained cytoarchitecture dataset with isotropic 1-μm resolution, achieved through continuous micro-optical sectioning tomography, promises to be a versatile brainsmatics tool for studying the whole brain at single-cell level.

A universal, high-resolution printing technology for metal oxide thin-film transistors is still lacking. A plasmonic printing technology is reported to fabricate high-performance, solution-processed all-metal oxide thin-film electronics under room temperature and ambient conditions.

DeepRETStroke is a deep learning system using retinal photographs to detect silent brain infarction and predict future stroke events.

Ultrafast electron sources are essential for time-resolved electron microscopy techniques, but they usually suffer from limited stability and short lifetimes. Here, the authors report the fabrication of ultrafast hot-electron sources consisting of graphene films integrated on a single-mode optical fibre, showing enhanced stability and longevity.

The authors add GaSb to PbSe as an n-type dopant to form stable solid solutions with high power factor and high figure of merit. They find that the Ga and Sb atoms co-occupied the Pb sites, causing local structural distortion.

Multimodal Large Language Models are energy intensive and computationally demanding. Here, the authors developed a series of lightweight Multimodal Large Language Models deployable on edge devices.

Previous ophthalmic foundation models have struggled to generalize effectively to diverse and rare fundus diseases, restricting their clinical applicability. Here, the authors introduce a vision-language foundation model that demonstrates superior performance in diagnosing both common and rare fundus conditions.

A rare variation in the promoter of qRBG1/OsBZR5 is associated with larger rice grains. OsBZR5 is found to negatively regulate grain size in rice, a biological role opposite to other OsBZR members. A regulatory module of OsGSK2–qRBG1–OsBZR1–D2–OFP1 is further revealed.

Artificial intelligence-based studies for breast cancer magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) predominantly rely on single sequences and have limited validation. Here, the authors develop a mixture-of-modality-experts model (MOME) that integrates multiparametric breast cancer MRI information within a unified structure, which shows reliable performance in a large cohort.

Seawater electrolysis for hydrogen production faces challenges in creating robust anodes that resist corrosion. Here, the authors report a PW₁₂-polyoxometalate-modified CoFe hydroxide anode that achieves selective and durable seawater oxidation over 1300 hours at 1 A cm⁻².

Detecting small molecules is pivotal across many fields. Here, authors leverage a split crRNA mode to construct spatially blocked split CRISPR-Cas12a system. This approach establishes a low-background, highly sensitive platform for small molecule detection.

Female mosquitoes inject saliva into vertebrate hosts during blood feeding, transmitting mosquito-borne pathogens. Here, cryo-EM of mosquito salivary gland extract uncovers the native SGS1 structure and domains relevant to pathogen transmission.

Acetylation is a posttranscriptional modification widely distributed across RNA types. Here, the authors uncover the role of tRNA ac⁴C12 for translational efficiency and tRNA quality control in both normal and heat stress conditions in mammalian cells.

CRISPR systems are powerful tools for gene editing and diagnostics, but their regulation is challenging. Here, the authors present DNACas, a light-controlled method using photocleavable phosphorothioate DNA to modulate CRISPR activity, enabling precise gene editing and one-pot diagnostic detection.

Commodity polymer upcycling methods that transform plastic waste into new functional polymers represent an important approach to reducing the burden of plastic on the environment but functionalization of polymers using ball milling remains challenging. Here, the authors report the Birch reduction of polystyrene, polystyrene derivatives, and several types of polystyrene waste using a ball-mill grinding method.

He and colleagues develop LucaOne, a biological foundation model pre-trained on nucleic acid and protein sequences from 169,861 species. It shows an emerging understanding of molecular biology’s central dogma, enhancing bioinformatics analysis and helping explore unknown aspects of molecular biology.

Shared inter-brain neural dynamics, reflecting aspects of social interaction including self and other’s behaviours, arise in GABAergic neurons of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of socially interacting mice, as well as in the neurons of socially interacting artificial intelligence agents.

Cities affect biological evolution, but traditionally researchers focus on the biophysical influence of urban environments. Instead, this Review explores how the social processes of religion, politics and war drive wildlife evolution by shaping urban conditions.

Dysregulated R-loops can compromise genome stability, leading to pathological consequences. Li et al. demonstrate that R-loop-induced poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 activation orchestrates exonuclease 3′–5′ ___domain-containing 2-mediated R-loop resolution, thereby safeguarding genomic integrity.

Human NPCs show promise for stroke treatment, but challenges remain in neuron diversity and maturation time. Here, the authors describe the generation of FOXG1 progenitors from iPSCs that quickly mature into functional cortical neurons, enhancing stroke recovery in rats.

Using human data and mice models, it was revealed that assimilation of ammonia by a gut microbe prevents its harmful accumulation that can impair kidney function.

A method mediated by [6,6]-phenyl-C₆₁-butyric acid methyl ester (PCBM) is developed to synthesize a uniform, purer-phase 2D perovskite capping layer on 3D perovskite films. The PCBM interlayer mediates the reaction of the 2D passivator with the 3D perovskite and prevents grain-boundary etching, enhancing solar cell efficiency and stability.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) and its metabolite 1-MNA have been implicated in liver disease and stress adaptation. Here, the authors show that NNMT/1-MNA protects against hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury by modulating the AKT/FOXO1/ANGPT2/JNK axis.

The microglia–neuron interactions contributing to neuronal hyperexcitability are unclear. Here, the authors show how GABA and C3 signaling coordinate microglial engulfment of inhibitory synapses, driving excitatory–inhibitory imbalance and neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy.

An aromatic metallo-annulene, comprising a 15-carbon macrocycle enclosing an osmium complex, with the metal residing within the plane of the macrocycle is reported.

Zhang et al. show that YAP binds to TDP-43 to promote TDP-43 multimerization and phase separation. YAP and TDP-43 may co-localize in multiple cell types in oxidative stress and in brain samples from individuals with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

This work shows an iron molecular catalyst for water oxidation, a critical reaction for renewable energy technologies. The excellent performance of the catalyst is attributed to an intermediate dinuclear structure formed via spin crossover.

Training foundation models often requires a costly budget and excessive computational resources. In this study, a low-cost instruction learning framework is proposed that could enable the rapid adoption of visual-language pathology applications.

Material implementation of machine learning algorithms for advanced computing at cryogenic temperature remains rare. Here, the authors report a cryogenic in-memory computing platform using chiral edge states of magnetic topological insulators.

Antibiotic contamination has become a global challenge. Here, authors develop a retrievable and recyclable microalgae hydrogel network system, which can achieve efficient degradation of antibiotics over a wide range of concentrations.

CAD, a de novo pyrimidine synthesis pathway enzyme, is known to promote chemotherapy resistance. Here, the authors shed light into this mechanism of chemoresistance, showing that chemotherapeutic drugs can promote the degradation of CAD following cleavage by activated caspase-3 on its Asp1371 residue.

Neural Perturbational Inference is an approach for estimating effective connectivity, in which virtual perturbations to a surrogate brain allow gaining insights into human brain functions.

Polygenic risk scores for Alzheimer’s disease derived from individuals of European ancestry can show improved performance in multiancestry settings after incorporating genome-wide association summary statistics from diverse populations.