Search

How the brain supports speaking and listening during conversation of its natural form remains poorly understood. Here, by combining intracranial EEG recordings with Natural Language Processing, the authors show broadly distributed frontotemporal neural signals that encode context-dependent linguistic information during both speaking and listening..

Native top-down proteomics reveals epidermal growth factor receptor–estrogen receptor-alpha (EGFR–ER) signaling crosstalk in breast cancer cells and dissociation of nuclear transport factor 2 (NUTF2) dimers to modulate ER signaling and cell growth.

Improving neuraminidase content of influenza vaccines is a major focus of vaccine development. Here the authors present safety and immunogenicity of seasonal influenza mRNA vaccine candidates simultaneously encoding hemagglutinin and neuraminidase antigens in a first in-human study.

Whole-genome sequencing of an ancient male Egyptian revealed a mixture of North African Neolithic and eastern Fertile Crescent ancestry, suggesting human migration between Egypt and Mesopotamia by the Old Kingdom period.

An analysis of data from the Sherlock-Lung study provides insight into the mutational processes that contribute to lung cancer in never smokers, and looks at the possible role of factors such as air pollution and passive smoking.

Whether multimorbidity accelerates brain Aβ deposition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that higher self-reported multimorbidity burden predicts increased brain Aβ accumulation rates in the ADNI cohort.

In this work, authors study a molecular signature in STING protein that is critical for distinguishing activation from inhibition and demonstrates therapeutic potential in correcting STING-related mutations in autoimmune conditions like STING-Associated Vasculopathy with onset in Infancy (SAVI).

The CPLANE complex is essential for ciliogenesis, and mutations to all but one subunit have been associated with ciliopathies. Here they identify three familial mutations in the final subunit, RSG1, that cause ciliopathy and add to our understanding of ciliary transition zone assembly.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

The morphogenetic events that occur during gastrulation involve dramatic cell- and tissue-level changes. Here they show that propagation of nematic order, leading to long-range spatial correlation, is universally conserved during metazoan embryogenesis.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) has limited treatment options and few tumor-specific targets. Here the authors report that the Notch ligand DLK1 is highly expressed in ACC acting as a regulator of tumor cell plasticity and chemoresistance, and that DLK1 can be targeted with an antibody drug conjugate.

Bacteria produce antibacterials to aid competition in complex communities. Here, the authors show that class II microcins, an understudied group of secreted antibacterials, are abundant, with diverse sequences and antibacterial characteristics.

Iacobucci et al. present the single-cell transcriptomic profile of patients with B cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, report enriched multipotency and develop a multipotency score that is associated with worse survival in pediatric patients.

Current treatment plans for brain tumors fail to account for the nuances of diversified individual patient conditions regarding the tumor infiltrating margins in brain tissues. Here this group reports a Fisher-Kolmogorov type physics model inferring the full spatial distribution of tumor cell concentration from available multi-modal imaging on glioblastoma patients for tumor recurrence monitoring.

Mammalian recombination activating genes RAG1 and RAG2 are essential for the production and diversification of antibodies and T-cell receptors via V(D)J recombination in lymphocytes but are absent in simpler eukaryotes such as the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Here the authors integrate mouse RAG1/2 in S. cerevisiae and demonstrate the ability to create combinatorial diversity starting from a single genetic locus in vivo.

The COMPASS trial is a prospective observational study seeking to establish biomarkers in advanced pancreatic cancer through in-depth profiling prior to commencing chemotherapy. Here, the authors report the final data for the complete cohort of 268 patients enrolled in the COMPASS trial.

This study used fine-mapping to analyze genetic regions associated with bipolar disorder, identifying specific risk genes and providing new insights into the biology of the condition that may guide future research and treatment approaches.

Shared inter-brain neural dynamics, reflecting aspects of social interaction including self and other’s behaviours, arise in GABAergic neurons of the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex of socially interacting mice, as well as in the neurons of socially interacting artificial intelligence agents.

Birds have an excellent ability to learn to discriminate harmless insects from those that they mimic on the basis of subtle differences in appearance.

Combining radiation therapy (RT) with immunotherapy has had limited therapeutic benefits in the treatment of head and neck cancer (HNSCC). Here, the authors present a multi-omics analysis of patient biopsies pre- and post- hypofractionated RT and uncover RT-mediated depletion of tumor-reactive CD8+ T cells as the underlying cause of immunologic radioresistance in HNSCC.

The study advances the use of serological surveys to guide trachoma elimination program decisions and provides a way to set thresholds for whether or not to continue an intervention program.

Licensing of eukaryotic origins of replication with MCM double hexamers (DHs) can occur through distinct pathways. Here, Lim et al. show that in yeast, cell cycle-dependent regulation of DH formation by CDK and origin structure have co-evolved.

Nanoplastics (NPs) threaten water safety as conventional coagulants fail to remove them. Here, authors develop an in-situ Fe(III) method that forms encapsulating nanosheets, enabling efficient NP removal with stronger anti-interference in natural waters.

Tumour evolution and heterogeneity in high grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC) remains poorly characterised. Here, the authors investigate the genomic landscape of HGSOC and reveal two distinct evolutionary trajectories associated with clinical outcomes.

Mesocosm experiments revealed that both phytoplankton community composition and cellular acclimation influence marine particulate C:N:P ratios, with community shifts more sensitive to nitrogen supply and acclimation to the nutrient N:P supply ratio

Apollo is a GPU-accelerated simulator of within-host viral evolution, spanning host populations, tissues, and cells. It scales to millions of viral genomes and supports complex demographic and population genetic models.

UNAGI deciphers cellular dynamics from human disease time-series single-cell data and facilitates in silico drug perturbations to discover drugs potentially active against complex human diseases.

The heterogenous nature of rheumatoid arthritis renders the prediction of responsiveness to biological treatments difficult. Here the authors analyze bulk RNA-seq data from the STRAP trial (n = 208) to build a machine-learning model for predicting responses to etanercept, tocilizumab and rituximab with AUCs around 0.75 to potentially assist in therapy planning.

In S. Cerevisiae, meiotic stress granules (SGs) form at temperatures ~10°C lower than those in mitosis, seeded by the meiosis-specific RNA-binding protein Rim4. These SGs halt meiosis and facilitate its resumption under heat and after heat relief, respectively.

Thompson et al. report clinical outcomes and immunological correlates of a phase 1 trial of a peptide vaccine targeting the CMV antigen pp65 in children and young adults with recurrent high-grade glioma and medulloblastoma.

Radiometric dating and oxygen isotopes of Pilbara Craton zircons reveal early continent formation via seafloor hydrothermal alteration and subsequent shallow depth partial melting of mafic protcrust some 3565 million years ago.

The authors studied mice with targeted deletion of OPA1, a mitochondrial fusion protein, in intervertebral disc and knee articular cartilage, and showed that maintenance of mitochondrial dynamics is critical for the health of these hypoxic tissues

Currently, there is limited knowledge about the spatial heterogeneity of glioma-driving molecular events. Here, the authors employ a multiomics approach to characterize the spatial transcriptomic heterogeneity of various types of gliomas and identify spatially distinct tumor subclones with genomic plasticity driven by mutations on extrachromosomal DNA.

Bleaching threatens corals worldwide as the oceans warm from climate change. Here the authors provide insight into intergenerational acclimatization potential by identifying metabolomic signatures of coral resistance to bleaching at all stages of development, including in the new generation.

This study demonstrates that growth arrest under stress in Arabidopsis protects meristem cells from DNA damage, challenging the idea that it is merely due to energy trade-offs and highlighting its role as an active defense strategy.

Many montane birds seasonally migrate between elevations. This study shows two bird species exhibit phenotypic plasticity in response to this altitude shift: the small-scale elevational migrant shows greater temperature-driven plasticity, while the large-scale migrant displays stronger hypoxia-driven plasticity.

Multiomic analysis of blast-phase myeloproliferative neoplasms identifies a chromosome 21 amplicon harboring DYRK1A as a clonal and therapeutically targetable event in around a quarter of cases.

A comprehensive analysis of the cell-specific molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying post-traumatic stress disorder in the human prefrontal cortex.

Genome-wide analyses identify 30 independent loci associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder, highlighting genetic overlap with other psychiatric disorders and implicating putative effector genes and cell types contributing to its etiology.

Carbonaceous chondrites are amongst the most chemically primitive solid materials in the Solar System. Here, the authors reports enrichments in heavier zinc isotopes in heated carbonaceous chondrites compared to the typical ranges for chondritic meteorites.

Obesity leads to pathological expansion of white adipose tissue driving vascular dysfunction. Here, the authors utilize single-cell RNA sequencing to elucidate endothelial heterogeneity and demarcate key differences in obesity-associated vascular alterations in subcutaneous and visceral white adipose tissue.

Cocaine-context associations rely on nucleus accumbens neuronal ensembles with engram-like properties unique to distinct stages of memory encoding. Here the authors show that ensemble reactivation parallels recall and selectively engages transcriptional plasticity programs.