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A three-dimensional metal stamp can be used to selectively exfoliate two-dimensional materials, allowing the remaining material to be patterned into two-dimensional arrays without leaving chemical or polymer residues.

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

The microglia–neuron interactions contributing to neuronal hyperexcitability are unclear. Here, the authors show how GABA and C3 signaling coordinate microglial engulfment of inhibitory synapses, driving excitatory–inhibitory imbalance and neuronal hyperexcitability in epilepsy.

Mechanical annealing is a process through which the dislocation density in submicrometre metal crystals can be removed purely by applying a mechanical stress. This study shows that mechanical annealing occurs in body centred cubic molybdenum, and not only in face centred crystals as previously thought.

Kim and colleagues perform a phase 2 clinical trial (ELM-2) of odronextamab monotherapy in patients with relapsed/refractory diffuse large B cell lymphoma and report on the primary analyses of the efficacy and safety profile.

Genetic variants can affect protein function and promote tumour progression by driving aberrant subcellular localization. Here, the authors characterise potential shuttling-attacking mutations (SAMs) across cancers using a deep learning model and experimental validation, and find how SAMs disrupt critical signalling interactions involved in cancer progression.

The exact role FoxO3 in the regulation of cardiac regeneration remains unclear. Here, the authors show that FoxO3 negatively controls cardiomyocyte proliferation and heart regeneration in postnatal mice at least in part by promoting Sfrp2 expression.

The elastic limit represents the maximum stress and strain a material can withstand and is well characterized in many crystalline solids, yet remains elusive for metallic glasses. Here, this limit is investigated in submicron metallic glass structures and is found to be twice as high as that of bulk samples.

The gut-microbiota-derived aromatic amino acid metabolite 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid (4HPAA) and its analogues have been shown to protect against obesity. In mice, 4HPAA exerts anti-obesogenic effects by modulating mucosal immunity and lipid uptake in the intestine.

Tang, Yue, Xu and colleagues map the proteome of several thousand individuals over a 9-year period to identify potential biomarkers of ageing and of age-associated diseases.

The detrimental effects of intragrain impurity nanoclusters on the efficiency and stability of perovskite solar cells remain unexplored. Here, the authors study the intragrain impurity annihilation by in situ scanning transmission electron microscopy and adopt a laser stimulus to heal such impurity.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

Cu₂Se is of interest for thermoelectrics as it is environmentally sustainable and has a high figure of merit ZT; however, copper ion migration impacts device stability. Here a co-doping strategy that combines steric and electrostatic effects is shown to improve device stability as well as improving ZT to 3.

The precise regulatory mechanisms controlling ciliary Hedgehog signaling remain incomplete. Here, the authors use ciliary proteomics to reveal that Numb facilitates the endocytosis of the receptor Ptch1 from the ciliary pocket, thereby enabling activation of Hedgehog signaling.

Application of multiplexed RNA in situ mapping techniques to human tissues remains challenging. Here, the authors report DART-FISH, a padlock probe-based technology capable of profiling large numbers of genes in centimetre-sized human tissue sections.

Integrating genetic information with circulating proteomics can help understand mechanisms of disease. Here, the authors conduct genome-wide association analyses of the serum proteome in 2,958 Han Chinese individuals, uncovering proteins which may contribute to ancestry differences in cardiometabolic disease susceptibility.

Treg cells can be functionally altered by epigenetic modulators. Here the authors show that the histone H3K36 methyltransferase Setd2 is important for the survival of Treg cells and for the regulation of IL-33 mediated Th2 responses in mice and SETD2 expression is increased in Treg cells from human colorectal cancer tissue.

The voltage-gated sodium channel Na_v1.7 has a dual role in osteoarthritis—in chondrocytes, it promotes joint damage, and in dorsal root ganglia neurons, it increases pain transmission.

Hepatobiliary MRI can be enhanced by an ultrasmall nanoparticle composed of a manganese ferrite core and surface ligands binding to hepatocyte-specific transmembrane metal and anion transporters, as shown in small and large animals.

The collective-flow-assisted nuclear shape-imaging method images the nuclear global shape by colliding them at ultrarelativistic speeds and analysing the collective response of outgoing debris.

An electric field is shown to induce an in-plane effective magnetic field enabling the deterministic magnetization switching of a magnetic multilayer on a piezoelectric substrate.

Surface coating is a common method to combat the performance degradation of layered oxide cathodes in rechargeable batteries. Here the authors analyse coating design principles and demonstrate that a lanthurizing coating approach—which alters the atomic structure just beneath the cathode surface—leads to exceptionally high-voltage cycling stability.

Cancer cells exploit immune checkpoint pathways, such as PD-1/PD-L1, to evade elimination by the immune system. Here, the authors demonstrate that TMUB1 regulates post-translational modifications of PD-L1 and that targeting the TMUB1/PD-L1 interaction promotes anti-tumour T cells responses

Cargo transport from the ER to the Golgi is highly selective. Here the authors identify three secretory pathway localized proteins that regulate ER sorting of receptor kinases in Arabidopsis and are required to support pollen tube growth.

An et al. discovered a new brain pathway in mice that conveys light signals from the retina to mood-relevant subcortical nuclei under circadian gating and thereby mediates depressive-like behaviors induced by abnormal nighttime light exposure.

Estimates of spatial patterns of nitrogen discharge into water bodies across China between 1955 and 2014 show that current discharge rates are almost three times the acceptable threshold, and ways to restore a clean water environment are suggested.

Plant embryos are connected to maternal tissue by a filamentous suspensor, analogous to an umbilical cord, but which is severed during early embryo development. Here, Shi et al. show that gibberellins can trigger suspensor cell death in tobacco via a DELLA protein that regulates expression of cell death factors.

Group 3 innate lymphoid cells (ILC3s) have important functions in inflammatory bowel disease. Here, the authors show that TL1A/DR3 signalling stimulates ILC3s to produce GM-CSF, thereby recruiting inflammatory cells, which results in subsequent IL-23-dependent loss of ILC3s and further intestinal inflammation.

Pollen tubes constantly search for and respond to female cues for guided growth and efficient sperm delivery. In this study, the researchers characterized three MLO genes in Arabidopsis whose mutants showed twisting pollen tubes and deficiency in ovule targeting. As an ancient and vital gene family in plants, MLOs are also involved in pathogen resistance and plant–environment interactions.

Global meta-analysis of plant species diversity effects on trophic levels of ecosystem functioning, finding beneficial impacts from increased diversity.

An antimatter hypernucleus formed by an anti-lambda hadron, an antiproton and two antineutrons was observed through its two-body decay after production in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions.

Zhong-Jian Liu, Lai-Qiang Huang, Yi-Bo Luo, Hong-Hwa Chen and Yves Van de Peer report the first genome sequence of a crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plant, the orchid Phalaenopsis equestris. They identify genes encoding CAM pathway enzymes and find that gene duplication was likely a key process in the evolution of CAM photosynthesis.

Virus-mediated somatic genetics experiments in adult mouse brain identify key roles of LKB1 and SIK3 upstream of HDAC4/5 and CREB in the transcriptional regulation of non-rapid eye movement sleep.

This paper identifies a novel population of progenitor cells that come from the pro-epicardial organ. These cells, which express the transcription factor Tbx18, migrate to the outer surface of the heart to form the epicardium, and they also contribute to myocytes in the ventrical septum and atrial and ventricular walls, as well as to cardiac fibroblasts and coronary smooth muscle cells. Thus these progenitors seem to be pluripotent.

With a design inspired by wind-dispersed seeds, a series of three-dimensional passive fliers at the macro-, meso- and microscale are realized that can bear active electronic payloads.