Search

Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) usually metastasizes to the lungs. Here, the authors discover that SWI/SNF ATPase subunit SMARCA4 silencing of HLF regulates ccRCC lung metastasis by modulating the integration of collagen's mechanical cues with the actin cytoskeleton through leupaxin.

A reinforcement learning-based virtual reality system, implementing a series of sport sessions with coaching, was as effective as standard physical activity in reducing fat mass in adolescents, with positive effects on cognition.

Whether multimorbidity accelerates brain Aβ deposition in humans remains largely unknown. Here, the authors demonstrate that higher self-reported multimorbidity burden predicts increased brain Aβ accumulation rates in the ADNI cohort.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

A β-GalNAc-O-tyrosine glycopeptide co-assembles with Aβ42 into distinct fibrils, reducing toxic oligomers and neurotoxicity in cells and an Alzheimer’s disease mouse model, suggesting a new modality to modulate amyloid aggregation.

Some rhizosphere microbes protect plants from phytopathogens through unclear molecular mechanisms. Here, Zhang et al. show that a rhizosphere bacterium displays antimicrobial activity against phytopathogenic fungi by reducing the activity of the fungal NatA acetyltransferase complex, thus inducing protein degradation and apoptosis.

In situ methods for water quality monitoring is crucial for global water use and management, though many conventional sensors have slow response time and are non-recyclable. Here, the authors report a recyclable amphiphobic dielectric material for fast monitoring of water pollutants.

Electroreduction of low-concentration NO₃⁻ to NH₃ is limited by NO₃⁻ mass transfer. Here, the authors propose a strategy for NO₃ ⁻ enrichment through charge rearrangement within the inner Helmholtz plane, achieving near-unity conversion of NO₃⁻ to NH₃.

Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are attracting considerable interest because of their diverse structures and properties. Now a method to access a wide array of PUFAs by full solid-phase synthesis has been developed and used to discover an anti-inflammatory fatty acid.

To push the boundary of sol-gel chemistry towards high quality organic membrane construction is challenging. Here, the authors show a controlled nanocrystal suturing strategy in sol-gel solutions to afford highly crystalline and free-standing covalent organic framework membranes.

Sun et al. identify CFAP100 as a vital player in the regulation of epidermal development and function. Mechanistically, CFAP100 recruits the microtubule glutamylase TTLL13 to ensure spindle pole integrity for proper division of keratinocytes.

Epithelial malfunction is an unmet critical challenge in trachea repair. Here, Chen et al. developed a multiplexed hydrogel to promote tracheal repair with native-like epithelium in pre-clinical models, exhibiting clinical translation potential.

Three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction from computed tomography could significantly contribute to guiding lung cancer surgery, but requires comprehensive clinical validation. Here, the authors test the effectiveness of an AI-driven 3D reconstruction system for lung cancer surgery in a retrospective, multi-center, multi-reader, multi-case study.

Exfoliation of g-C₃N₄ breaks the molecular chains, causing sluggish carrier kinetics and moderate degradation activity. Here, authors address these issues by developing an ultrathin porous g-C₃N₄ with intact molecular chains via shear repair strategy, enhancing the activity of PMS-assisted water purification.

This study demonstrates stable photoelectricity-induced halide segregation in epitaxial mixed-halide perovskite microwire networks on mica, verified by in-situ observations. Dynamic segregation-recovery processes and reconfigurable self-powered photoresponse reveal physical computing potential.

A Fusarium graminearum effector is found to target wheat fumarylacetoacetate hydrolase for 26S proteasomal degradation. The hydrolase enhances resistance to Fusarium head blight by regulating defense genes and amino acid metabolism, offering a genetic target for wheat improvement.

Song et al. developed a computational tool to profile binding pairs between tumor-derived antigens and antibodies from high-throughput B cell receptor sequencing data, predicting response to immune-checkpoint inhibitor therapy and risk of adverse events.

Effectiveness of existing H5N1 vaccines against circulating influenza strains remains largely unknow. Here, the authors test neutralization activity of sera from individuals vaccinated with an inactivated H5N1 vaccine against 17 pseudoviruses and suggest that high vaccine-induced antibody level likely provide cross-protection against circulating H5N1 strains.

The full exploitation of back contact silicon solar cells is crucial to achieve a high performance for potential industrialization. Here, authors incorporate a double-sided light management strategy to reduce optical losses, achieving a total-area efficiency of 27.03% for 350 cm2 solar cells.

Sequence-based algorithms to identify T cell antigens often miss targets that are activating the immune response. Here authors show that a computational method they developed, which uses atomic level features as input, can identify antigens that trigger cytokine release in cognate T cells.

Study shows PTSD predisposition shares distinct genes and genomic regions with several cardiovascular conditions. Here the findings reveal neuronal, immune, and metabolic pathways, and repurposed drug targets that further the understanding of the comorbidity.

Catalytic asymmetric dearomatizations of electronically unbiased naphthalenes remains a long-standing challenge in organic chemistry. Here, the authors describe a silver-mediated enantioselective aza-electrophilic dearomatization approach that couples readily accessible vinylnaphthalenes in conjunction with azodicarboxylates to afford chiral polyheterocycles via formal [4 + 2] cycloaddition reactions.

This study uses deep learning and gaze-tracking to track pathologists' work and learn how they review tissue images. This “learned expertise” was applied to guide artificial intelligence models, such as weakly supervised learning and reinforcement learning, to achieve accurate diagnosis of Whole Slide Images.

There are no vaccines or antivirals available against enterovirus D68. Here, the authors report Jun6504 as a 2C inhibitor and show that it provides broad-spectrum antiviral activity against EV-D68, EV-A71, and CVB3 and potent antiviral efficacy in a neonatal neurological mouse model of EV-D68 infection.

The authors find that Ag-rich nanoprecipitates with sizes up to tens of nanometers can be formed in metallic Ag/Ag₂Se composite flexible films after spark plasma sintering. Moreover, Ag-rich nanoprecipitates play a positive role in increasing the carrier concentration, enhancing the density-of-states effective mass, and mitigating carrier scattering.

A versatile nano-adaptor is used to construct multi-specific nano-antibodies for treatment of tumours in mice.

In a reverse-translational study followed by a clinical trial, the targeting of antigen-presenting mast cells was identified as a therapeutic approach to overcome anti-PD-1 resistance in patients with metastatic triple-negative breast cancer who experienced clinical benefit when treated with the mast cell stabilizer cromolyn.

In locusts, the aggregation pheromone 4-vinylanisole is derived from dietary phenylalanine, and its production is dependent on two 4-vinylphenol methyltransferases that are potential targets for locust pest control.

Native crystallographic defects are often introduced during synthesis of battery materials, but has been overlooked. Here, using in situ synchrotron X-ray probes and electron microscopy, the authors have revealed their adverse effect during battery operation.

Lampreys are jawless vertebrates that can offer unique insights into vertebrate evolution. Here they generate a comprehensive cell atlas of the lamprey, uncovering 70 distinct cell types across 14 tissues, and identify pancreas-like cells in the lamprey small intestine.

Preclinical studies have shown synergy in the combination of tifcemalimab (anti-BTLA antibody) with toripalimab (anti-PD-1 antibody) in lymphoma. Here, the authors report a clinical trial investigating tifcemalimab alone and in combination with toripalimab in patients with relapsed or refractory lymphoma.

Urothelial bladder cancer (UC) progression occurs as a multi-step process that leads to different kinds of lesions and subtypes. Here, the authors characterise benign and invasive lesions that occur during UC progression using proteogenomics in patient samples and show critical molecular pathways and prognostic associations.

Understanding the genetic factors that regulate panicle architecture is important for improving rice yields. In this study, Li et al. demonstrate that the gene PTB1is critical for regulating panicle seed setting rate and pollen tube growth.

In the IMpower151 trial, the drug combination previously shown to be effective in the IMpower150 trial was not significantly effective in a Chinese population.

Lignin valorization is hampered by the requirement for expensive cofactors and low conversions. Now a chemoenzymatic platform with coordinated cofactor self-circulation for realizing efficient lignin-to-molecule conversion is reported, facilitating the advancement of sustainable biorefineries.

The Fermi-LAT Collaboration reports a significant γ-ray detection (5.2σ) from the coronae of radio-quiet active galactic nuclei, revealing compact (~10 gravitational radii) and extended (~2.7 × 10⁶ gravitational radii) corona regions, challenging existing models.

Atomically thin layers of a correlated topological semimetal exhibit a nonlinear Hall effect that can be used to fabricate terahertz photodetectors with a room-temperature responsivity of 0.3 A W⁻¹, a broadband terahertz range and a picosecond response time.

Cities are becoming hotter and brighter. Using satellite data on 428 Northern Hemisphere cities, this study found that artifical night lights outweighed hotter temperatures in lengthening urban growing seasons, with important implications for management.

He and colleagues develop LucaOne, a biological foundation model pre-trained on nucleic acid and protein sequences from 169,861 species. It shows an emerging understanding of molecular biology’s central dogma, enhancing bioinformatics analysis and helping explore unknown aspects of molecular biology.

Targeted deletion of integrin-associated protein CD47 enhances long-term engraftment of human CD34⁺ cells in immunodeficient pigs lacking IL2RG and RAG2, enabling large-scale production of functional human immune cells.

Wang et al. present the human universal senescence index (hUSI), a robust transcriptome-based tool that accurately predicts cellular senescence across diverse conditions, offering insights into aging and therapeutic strategies.

Hong-Xuan Lin, Ji-Ping Gao, Jun-Xiang Shan and colleagues show that natural variation in a proteasome α2 subunit gene contributes to thermotolerance in African rice. Their follow-up studies suggest that the variant allele protects cells from heat stress by enhancing the elimination of cytotoxic denatured proteins and maintaining heat-response processes.

This study presents a diagnostic pen with ferrofluid ink that converts handwriting into sensing signals for Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnostics. In pilot studies, neural network-assisted analysis of collected handwriting signals accurately distinguished patients with PD, demonstrating the pen’s potential as a low-cost, scalable tool for accessible diagnostics.

This study establishes that Ca²⁺-dependent protein kinases phosphorylate TIR domains at a conserved serine to block NADase activity across kingdoms. In plants, this represses SNC1-mediated immunity to balance growth and defence under osmotic stress.

Expanding editing scope while reducing byproducts is now possible for prime editing. Here, authors develop reverse prime editing (rPE), a SpCas9-based tool enabling editing in reverse window with high fidelity and demonstrate its use in inserting therapeutic variants.