Search

Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s  = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb⁻¹.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports a measurement of the ratio of the decay rates of W bosons to τ leptons and muons, in agreement with universal lepton couplings as postulated in the standard model of particle physics.

The study provides a comprehensive transcriptomic atlas of the human gastrointestinal tract across the lifespan, highlighting inflammation-induced changes in epithelial stem cells that alter mucosal architecture and promote further inflammation.

Chemotherapeutic agents and immune checkpoint inhibitors have shown modest efficacy in patients with advanced biliary tract cancers (BTCs). Here the authors report the results of a phase II trial of the anti-PD1 antibody sintilimab plus chemotherapy (gemcitabine and cisplatin) as first-line treatment for patients with advanced BTCs.

The ATLAS Collaboration reports the observation of the electroweak production of two jets and a Z-boson pair. This process is related to vector-boson scattering and allows the nature of electroweak symmetry breaking to be probed.

Chromatin organization is measured in single cells using droplet microfluidics.

The measurement of the total cross-section of proton–proton collisions is of fundamental importance for particle physics. Here, the first measurement of the inelastic cross-section is presented for proton–proton collisions at an energy of 7 teraelectronvolts using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider.

The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider reports a search for charged-lepton-flavour violation in decays of Z bosons into a τ lepton and an electron or muon of opposite charge.

Isotopic analysis of basalt clasts returned from the Moon by the Chang’e-5 mission indicates that the rocks were derived from a mantle source that lacked potassium, rare-earth elements and phosphorus.

Ten years after the discovery of the Higgs boson, the ATLAS  experiment at CERN probes its kinematic properties with a significantly larger dataset from 2015–2018 and provides further insights on its interaction with other known particles.

Shen, Gao and Luo et al. show that the epigenetic regulator Cxxc1 plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis and function of group 3 innate lymphoid cells that are involved and key in regulating intestinal immunity during aging.

Oligonucleotides targeting mRNA are promising therapeutic agents but suffer from poor bioavailability. Here, the authors develop reduced-charge oligonucleotides with artificial LNA-amide linkages with improved cell uptake and minimal structural deviation to the DNA:RNA duplex.

Quantum electrodynamics predicts a rare process in which light is scattered by light. The ATLAS Collaboration reports signs of this elusive effect in the collisions of ultra-relativistic lead ions.

Plant sulfate transporters mediate absorption and distribution of sulfate. Here the authors present functional assays and a cryo-EM structure of the Arabidopsis SULTR4;1 transporter identifying key domains for dimerization, substrate binding and coupling of transport activity to a proton gradient.

T cell development has been a classical model for understanding cell fate regulation by epigenetics. Here the authors show that Cxxc1 controls thymocyte development mainly through regulating several key genes, such as Rorc, Zap70 and Cd8, which requires its H3K4me3 but not DNA methylation function.

Optical modulators are easily damaged by high-intensity pulses. Here, the authors propose a method for directly modulating high-power laser light across a broad spectral range using a wave generated in a sub-millimetre-scale underdense plasma by a second laser.

The diperpenoid adenanthin covalently modifies the resolving cysteine from peroxiredoxins to inhibit the reduction of hydrogen peroxide, a second messenger in cells, and thereby activates pathways that promote the differentiation of leukemia cells.

Maternal genome-wide analyses identify variants associated with gestational duration and preterm delivery. Maternal alleles positively associated with gestational duration exhibit negative fetal effects on birth weight, likely reflecting antagonistic pleiotropy.

The development of flexible electronics and soft robotics demands materials with wide-range switchable stiffness. Here, the authors report a polymer network that can isochorically and reversibly switch between a soft ionogel and a rigid plastic accompanied by a large stiffness change.

Several living organisms can survive subzero temperatures without cell damage. Here, the authors show a heteronetwork organohydrogel with improved elasticity and mechanical features in a wide range of temperatures.

Smart hydrogels are 3D networks composed of cross-linked polymer chains that can alter their shape and properties in response to environmental stimuli. Xiaet al.demonstrate a smart hydrogel with rapid response and high elasticity, due to its nano-scale structure.

Experimental investigation of the reverse-Doppler shift of electromagnetic waves has previously been restricted to the microwave regime. Here, direct confirmation of the Doppler effect is reported at the infrared wavelength of 10.6 µm using a moving photonic crystal exhibiting a negative refractive index.

Organic cation transporters are important drug transporters that influence therapeutic outcomes. Here, the authors find that these transporters are regulated by tyrosine phosphorylation and propose that tyrosine kinase inhibitors can influence drug transporter function through post-translational mechanisms.

Jun Yang and colleagues perform targeted sequencing of NUDT15 and identify loss-of-function variants associated with thiopurine intolerance. Functionally, they show that NUDT15 inactivates thiopurine metabolites, providing a mechanism to explain the association between NUDT15 loss-of-function variants and thiopurine toxicity.

Genome-wide association analyses identify 57 loci associated with insomnia symptoms and provide evidence of shared genetic architecture between insomnia and cardiometabolic, behavioral, psychiatric and reproductive traits.

Terri Beaty and colleagues report a genome-wide association study of cleft lip with/without cleft palate. They identified variants near MAFB and ABCA4 associated with risk of this birth defect in case-parent trios of European and Asian ancestry.

Jing Wang, Fengchun Zhang and colleagues report the results of a genome-wide association study of primary Sjögren's syndrome, a common autoimmune disease. They confirm associations in the STAT4, TNFAIP3 and HLA regions and identify a new susceptibility locus in the GTF2I region at 7q11.23.

Recalcitrant dissolved organic matter is now known to be a key element in the global carbon cycle. Here, Nianzhi Jiao and colleagues set out the role of ocean-dwelling microorganisms in the generation of this pool of long-lived carbon, using a new concept they call the microbial carbon pump.