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Ductal lavage represents a treatment option for idiopathic granulomatous mastitis. Here, the authors report the results of a randomized clinical trial, indicating that ductal lavage followed by observation is non-inferior to oral corticosteroids

Global energy budgets of planets are important to understand their climate system. Here, the authors show long-term multi-instrument observations from Cassini spacecraft, which reveals dynamical imbalances of Saturn’s global energy budget.

Liming Sun brings to attention paper by Li et al. (2012) reporting that necroptosis kinases, RIPK1 and RIPK3, form functional amyloids that regulate cell death signalling.

Air-water interface hinders cryo-EM reconstruction and achievable resolution. Here, a superstructure called GSAMs is developed to alleviate the air-water interface effect and improve the efficiency of cryo-EM analysis.

Inorganic perovskite tandem solar cells using ligand evolution strategy achieve record efficiencies and durability, maintaining 80% of their initial efficiency under light/heat stresses, guiding the development of high-efficiency, stable inorganic perovskite tandem solar cells.

In two longitudinal cohorts followed for 30 years, the associations of eight different dietary patterns with healthy aging—encompassing cognitive, physical and mental health—were studied, identifying food constituents linked to greater or lesser odds of healthy aging.

Catalytic metals dissolved in a liquid gallium solvent remain atomically dispersed. Alignments among the liquid atoms and reactants facilitate selective propylene synthesis from various hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Radiant energy budgets and internal heat play a key role in the evolution of planets. Here, the authors analyze data from the Cassini mission to show that Jupiter’s radiant energy and internal heat budgets are significantly larger than previous estimates.

LC-MS-based proteomics often relies on data-dependent acquisition (DDA) for quality control. Here, the authors demonstrate that data-independent acquisition (DIA) outperforms DDA in detecting subtle changes in LC-MS status in large-scale quantitative proteomics experiments. They further prioritized 15 QC metrics and developed an AI model, implemented in a free software called iDIA-QC, for detecting LC-MS faults.

Abnormal angiogenesis is a key process associated with ischaemic retinopathies such as diabetic retinopathy, for which the underlying pathological mechanisms are still poorly understood. Here, the authors show that AGGF1/TNFSF12/FN14 signalling pathway regulate the pathological angiogenesis of ischaemic retinopathy

A cross-ancestry meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies identifies association signals for stroke and its subtypes at 89 (61 new) independent loci, reveals putative causal genes, highlighting F11, KLKB1, PROC, GP1BA, LAMC2 and VCAM1 as potential drug targets, and provides cross-ancestry integrative risk prediction.

An X-ray signal that oscillated with a period of 85 s is inferred to arise from a rare intermediate-mass black hole tearing apart a nearby star. The signal provides constraints on the mass and spin of this black hole.

Many recent proteomics studies use either Olink or SomaScan platforms to quantify proteins in high-throughput, but the consistency between the two is unclear. Here, the authors measure proteins in the same samples using both platforms, finding only modest correlation, and compare associations with genetic variants and disease.

Nanoporous two-dimensional materials have been considered ideal platforms for separating molecules and ions. Now, porous graphene membranes have been scaled up with low cost, uniform pores and high yield, enabling an attractive CO₂/N₂ separation performance with a near-100% success rate.

Design strategies for non-fullerene acceptors are important for achieving high-efficiency organic solar cells. Here the authors design asymmetrically branched alkyl chains on the thiophene unit of the L8-BO acceptor to achieve high crystallinity and photoluminescence quantum yield, yielding over 20% efficiency in single-junction organic solar cells.

A meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of type 2 diabetes (T2D) identifies more than 600 T2D-associated loci; integrating physiological trait and single-cell chromatin accessibility data at these loci sheds light on heterogeneity within the T2D phenotype.

Doping graphitic materials is desirable to enhance their performance for energy conversion and storage applications, but achieving high dopant concentrations remains a challenge. Researchers now demonstrate synthesis of such materials with very high doping levels and facile tunability.

A large genome-wide association study of more than 5 million individuals reveals that 12,111 single-nucleotide polymorphisms account for nearly all the heritability of height attributable to common genetic variants.

A genome-wide association meta-analysis study of blood lipid levels in roughly 1.6 million individuals demonstrates the gain of power attained when diverse ancestries are included to improve fine-mapping and polygenic score generation, with gains in locus discovery related to sample size.

Late-stage acute liver failure (ALF) has limited therapies. The authors show that the bioactive compound SCM-198 extends the ALF treatment window from 3 to 24 hours in mice by selectively targeting the identified AdipoR2-CaM-CaMKII-NOS3-NO axis.

Regulating oxidative phosphorylation and restoring redox homeostasis are crucial in neurological disorders. Here, the authors develop a top-down membrane self-assembly strategy to develop stem cell-derived artificial organelles (SAOs) that mimic mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation without the risks associated with stem cell therapy.

Observational analyses from the China Kadoorie Biobank found that alcohol consumption was associated with higher risks of 61 diseases in Chinese men, with most of these associations confirmed by genetic analyses.

The extracellular matrix is remodeled to form complex interconnected network structures that regulate stem cell behaviors. Here, the authors modulate extracellular matrix-like networks using magnetic nano-blockers, adjusting stem cell behavior by changing ligand inter-cluster connectivity. This dynamic system provides new insights into cell-material interactions for tissue regeneration.

Genome-wide association and fine-mapping analyses in ancestrally diverse populations implicate candidate causal genes and mechanisms underlying type 2 diabetes. Trans-ancestry genetic risk scores enhance transferability across populations.

There’s an emerging body of evidence to show how biological sex impacts cancer incidence, treatment and underlying biology. Here, using a large pan-cancer dataset, the authors further highlight how sex differences shape the cancer genome.

Mazdutide is a once-weekly glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon receptor dual agonist. Here, the authors show mazdutide was well tolerated over 24 weeks and demonstrated significant and clinically meaningful body weight loss, compared with placebo, in Chinese overweight adults or adults with obesity.

Integrative analyses of transcriptome and whole-genome sequencing data for 1,188 tumours across 27 types of cancer are used to provide a comprehensive catalogue of RNA-level alterations in cancer.

The long-term drying trend in central African rainforests might help to explain satellite-detected large-scale vegetation browning in the Congolese forests.

Lifestyle improvements can achieve greater benefits in preventing early-onset cardiovascular disease in young adults at high genetic risk (as determined by polygenic risk score) than in other genetic risk groups.

Dietary haem iron intake is linked with a higher type 2 diabetes risk. This dietary association is further supported by circulating metabolic and metabolomic biomarker data.

Combining two global datasets, the authors show that peak vegetation growth has been increasing linearly for the past 30 years, with similar proportions of NDVI variation attributable to expanding croplands, rising CO₂ and intensifying nitrogen deposition.

The lack of haploid male fertility is a bottleneck to improve the efficiency in doubled haploid technology for accelerating crop breeding. This study shows that mutations in the parallel spindle genes are sufficient to restore haploid male fertility in Arabidopsis.

Cellular senescence has been shown to inhibit reprogramming of fibroblasts to induced pluripotent stem cells. Here, the authors show that senescence pathways also impair the direct conversion of human fibroblasts into neurons.

Developing porous hemostatic sponges remains challenging. Here, authors proposed a temperature-assisted secondary network compaction strategy following the phase separation induced primary compaction to fabricate the superporous chitosan sponges.

REV7 has emerged as a critical regulator of DNA double-strand breaks repair. Here, the authors show that REV7 is crucial for both antibody class switch recombination and somatic hypermutation in activated B cells, in addition to their survival upon AID-deamination.

While photoredox catalysis presents exciting avenues for molecular transformations, balancing optimal photochemical and materials properties can be challenging. Here, the authors prepare carbon-coated In₂O₃ nanoparticles as recoverable photocatalysts for arylboronic acid oxidative hydroxylation.

Bilayer graphene (BLG) is promising for optoelectronic applications due to its tunable bandgap, but its large-area growth on Cu substrates is still challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate the fast synthesis of high-coverage meter-scale BLG on commercial Cu foils by introducing CO₂ during the growth.

Interference competition exemplified by antagonism remains controversial. Using comparative genomic analysis and antagonistic assessments, this study shows that the distribution profile of biosynthetic gene clusters within Bacillus genomes is consistent with their phylogenetic relationship and that congeneric antagonism among Bacillus strains is positively correlated with phylogenetic distance.

While vaccines have curbed the COVID-19 pandemic, effective therapeutic treatments are few, and might be challenged by SARS-CoV-2 variants. A biocompatible, antiviral two-dimensional nanomaterial is now reported that firmly adsorbs the virus by interaction with the spike protein, inducing the conformational changes that lead to inhibition of viral infection in vitro and in animal models.

Analysis of bedrock elastic deformation using high-resolution observations from 22 Greenland GNSS Network stations shows that the Greenland ice sheet buffers enough summer meltwater englacially to cause subsidence of about 5 mm during the melt season.

Some cancer patients first present with metastases where the ___location of the primary is unidentified; these are difficult to treat. In this study, using machine learning, the authors develop a method to determine the tissue of origin of a cancer based on whole sequencing data.