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Spinon excitations of a Kagome quantum spin liquid are expected to give rise to a magnetic continuum in Raman spectroscopy. Here, the authors report a magnetic Raman continuum in the Kagome spin liquid candidate Cu₃Zn(OH)₆FBr, in contrast to a sharp magnon Raman peak in the Kagome antiferromagnet EuCu₃(OH)₆Cl₃.

Modifying plant lignin pathway to enhance saccharification efficiency is often associated with growth penalty. Here, the authors show that overexpression of Pag-miR408 in poplar leads to enhanced saccharification efficiency and growth in both laboratory and field conditions, and laccase genes are the targets of Pag-miR408.

Federated learning, a method for training artificial intelligence algorithms that protects data privacy, was used to predict future oxygen requirements of symptomatic patients with COVID-19 using data from 20 different institutes across the globe.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) can influence tumor growth and its response to therapy. Here, the authors develop a fibrinogen and thrombin based artificial ECM that can starve tumours and prevent dissemination of cancer cells.

Chiral luminescent materials are of increasing interest in various applications, but achieving a desirable balance of properties can be challenging. Here, the authors report the development of Eu-based complexes with chiral luminescence and aggregation induced emission.

Redirection of the TCA cycle intermediate aconitate to itaconate production has anti-inflammatory effects. Here the authors show that the itaconate derivative 4-octyl-itaconate is anti-inflammatory partly as a result of inhibiting GAPDH enzymatic activity and thereby glycolysis in macrophages.

An electrophilic diazene probe (DiaAlk) enables capture and proteomic analysis of cysteine S-sulfinylation modifications, thus illuminating dynamic responses to oxidative stress and enabling the identification of new substrates of sulfiredoxin.

The lack of appropriate models restricts pre-clinical research for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). Here the authors report the development and characterization of NPC patient-derived xenografts (PDXs), and EBV positive NPC cell line from patient tumor, and suggest their potential use in future NPC research.

Methanol on under-coordinated Pt sites at surface Te vacancies on layered PtTe2 decomposes at a probability >90 % which ultimately produces gaseous molecular hydrogen, methane, water and formaldehyde.

SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses are identified in Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica); these pangolin-associated coronaviruses belonged to two sub-lineages of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses, including one that exhibits strong similarity in the receptor-binding ___domain to SARS-CoV-2.

Dominant mutations in the RNA-binding protein FUS/TLS cause amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), an adult-onset motor neuron degenerative disease. Here, the authors show that ALS-causative FUS/TLS mutations directly bind the SMN and U1-snRNP complexes, producing both loss and gain of function effects on RNA processing.

Artificial materials that replicate the mechanical properties of nacre represent important structural materials, but are difficult to produce in bulk. Here, the authors exploit the bottom-up assembly of 2D nacre-mimetic films to fabricate 3D bulk artificial nacre with an optimized architecture and excellent mechanical properties.

Multiple pathogenic viruses are identified in a large set of pangolins, which shows that trading pangolins for scales or flesh may increase the risk of emergence of viral infections.

Fluorogenic detection of H₂O₂ in cells is established, but equivalent tools to monitor its cellular targets remain in their infancy. Here authors develop fluorogenic probes for detecting cysteine sulfenic acid, a redox modification inextricably linked to H₂O₂ signalling and oxidative stress.

Staphylococcus capitis is a common causative agent of bloodstream infections in neonatal intensive care units, with multidrug resistant isolates complicating treatment. Authors aimed to establish a core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) scheme to document the transmission and dissemination of multidrug-resistant S. capitis isolates.

Common polygenic variation at chromosome 16p and rare recurrent deletions of 16p11.2 influencing autism risk are associated with reduced expression of genes throughout the 16p region, suggesting functional convergence of rare and common variant effects.

A multi-observational study including laboratory analysis of the Chang’e-5 mission samples, in situ measurements and orbital datasets determined the high level of maturity and iron content of the Chang’e-5 landing site regolith. Heavily processed by space weathering, it mostly comes from the nearby Xu Guangqi crater, formed 240–300 Myr ago.

A neutron star candidate in a close binary has been discovered using a radial velocity method and characterized with a variety of ground- and space-based telescopes. The system probably represents an underexplored population of non-accreting and/or non-beaming neutron stars.

By using an integrated omics approach, a landscape of metabolic remodelling of early-stage mouse embryogenesis is reconstructed, identifying key metabolites for epigenetic reprogramming.

Openshaw and colleagues find myeloid inflammation and complement activation signatures in patients with long COVID who were previously hospitalized.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

The analysis of wheat cultivars reveals that variations in histone modification, rather than DNA sequence, are closely linked to the expression of nitrogen metabolism genes and distinct agronomic traits. The findings suggest that epigenetic regulation plays a crucial role in cultivar-specific adaptation to low nitrogen conditions in wheat.

Torbert Rocheford and colleagues show that variation at crtRB1 is associated with increased beta-carotene levels in maize. The most favorable crtRB1 allele is currently being introgressed into tropical germplasm, in order to address dietary vitamin A deficiency in the developing world.

Covalent organic frameworks are generally not dispersible in common solvents resulting in the poor processability which limits their practical application. Here, the authors develop a top-down process to produce solution-processable covalent organic frameworks based on the assistance of ionic liquids by means of intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions.

This study uncovers the role of extracellular vesicles from bone matrix as a messenger in the development of osteoporosis and vascular calcification (calcification paradox) during skeletal aging and menopause by transferring miR-483-5p and miR-2861.

Analyses of the genome sequences and expression data for two closely related mycoheterotrophic orchid species provide insights into the genomic basis underlying the evolution of mycoheterotrophy.

Osteoclast over-activation leads to bone loss and chloride homeostasis is important for osteoclast function. Here, the authors show that Anoctamin 1 controls bone resorption by coupling Cl⁻ channel activation with RANKL-RANK signaling transduction.

Sun and colleagues describe that the secretion of interleukin-33 is dependent on a p40 N-terminal fragment of gasdermin D, whose generation is independent of inflammatory caspase-1 and caspase-11.

TDP-43 inclusions are observed in Alzheimer’s disease. Here the authors show that TDP-43 interacts with amyloid-β and inhibits fibrillization in vitro and exacerbates Alzheimer’s disease pathology in animal models.

A non-volatile compute-in-memory macro that is based on spin-transfer torque magnetic random-access memory can offer secure access control, data protection, rapid response times and high energy efficiency for dot-product edge computing.

Wu et al. show that versions of IL-2 that preserve CD25 activity expand tumor-specific T cells more effectively than CD25-sparing agonists and find that the efficacy of anti-PD-1 depends on the activation of PD-1⁺CD25⁺ T cells through autocrine IL-2 signaling.

Strategies for biological membrane engineering have been proposed to enhance their anti-clearance efficiency and improve their clinical translation potential. Here the authors design nanoparticles coated with low-cholesterol membranes from T cells overexpressing PD1, showing reduced clearance in the blood and improved anti-tumor efficacy when loaded with a STING agonist and a photothermal agent.