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Proteome profiling of plasma samples in human pan-cancer cohorts reveals patterns of biomarkers for diagnosis.

To overcome low intersystem crossing efficiency and exciton instability in organic photosensitizers, amphiphilic polymer hosts self-assemble phosphorescent molecules. This stabilizes triplet states, enabling efficient CO₂ photoreduction to CO.

Energy density and cyclability are often a trade-off for lithium-ion batteries. The authors develop cobalt- and nickel-free cathodes with both good cycling stability and high energy density through the integration of polyanion units into rocksalt structures.

Organic co-crystals are useful in the fabrication of functional materials, but it is challenging to achieve structural diversity of co-crystals. Here, the authors report nine sets of macrocycle cocrystals with diverse structures and stoichiometric ratios giving different luminescence properties.

The intestinal tract is continually exposed to foreign material and gut homeostasis is dependent on tolerance. Here, the authors show that extracellular vesicles released from intestinal epithelial cells stimulate T regulatory cells and immunosuppressive dendritic cells.

Broad and potent neutralizing antibodies to SARS-CoV-2 variants can be efficiently identified via accurate deep-mutational-scanning-based prediction of viral evolution and delivered to mice using mRNA–lipid nanoparticles.

The authors reveal a conserved mechanism through which the nutrient sensor PKA phosphorylates Rpd3/HDAC1 to inhibit its ability to deacetylate SAGA complex and enhance nucleosome acetylation, promoting metabolic reprogramming and cell growth.

Analysis of genomes in a phylogenetic context reveals a 350-million-year-old homomorphic sex chromosome in molluscs, probably maintained by regulation of reversible sex-biased genes and sex chromosome turnover.

Li et al. characterized the gene GRAVITROPISM LOSS 1 (OsGLS1) in rice, which regulates root system architecture (RSA) to enhance nutrient uptake and yield. OsGLS1 promotes the degradation of OsPIN2, influencing auxin transport and root growth patterns.

Metal nanoclusters are explored for their precise structures and compelling properties. Here, the authors synthesize a gold cluster with unique structural features, including giant staple motifs, tetrahedral-coordinateμ₄-S atoms, and a helical closest-packed crystallographic pattern that influences the cluster’s photoluminescence.

Cas9d employs a unique RNA-coordinated structural module for precise DNA targeting. Structure-guided engineering on both Cas9d and its sgRNA achieved a smaller, high-fidelity CRISPR system with robust activity, advancing genome-editing applications.

Crystal structures of cyanobacterial protochlorophyllide oxidoreductases reveal the basis of the photocatalytic activities of this enzyme, through the role of its active site in enabling the light-driven reduction of protochlorophyllide.

The hydrocarbofunctionalization of alkenes represents one of the most efficient methods for generating complex products from simple starting materials. Here, the authors report a bulky β-diketone-ligand-enabled hydroarylation and hydroalkenylation of internal alkenes.

Holographic techniques allow for the construction of 3D images by controlling the wave front of light beams. Huang et al.develop ultrathin plasmonic metasurfaces to provide 3D optical holographic image reconstruction in the visible and near-infrared regions for circularly polarized light.

This study unravels the efficient photocatalytic route for synthesizing dimethoxymethane by coupling CO2 reduction integrated with CH3OH oxidation by using a silver and tungsten comodified blue titanium dioxide catalyst under mild conditions.

The wide range of properties encountered in metamaterials make them promising for numerous optical applications. Chenet al. build a plasmonic flat metamaterial lens with an abrupt phase change that functions as a convex lens for one handedness of light and a concave lens for the other.

The carboamination of unsaturated molecules with bifunctional carboamination reagents is considered to be an attractive approach for the synthesis of nitrogen-containing compounds but employing bifunctional C–N reagents in the functionalization of cyclopropane remains underdeveloped. Here the authors present N-heterocyclic carbenes and a photoredox catalyst dualcatalyzed 1,3-aminoacylation of cyclopropane employing N-benzoyl saccharin as a bifunctional reagent.

Primary biliary cholangitis is a chronic autoimmune disease critically linked to immunological dysregulation but the local immune-pathogenesis is poorly understood. Here the authors present single cell transcriptomic characterisation of primary biliary cholangitis and implicates Th1 like cells in a murine model.

Raised serum urate levels are a risk factor for gout, a common form of inflammatory arthritis. Here Li et al.conduct a multistage genome-wide association study in a Han Chinese population and identify three novel loci likely associated with the progression from hyperuricemia to gout.

In a randomized controlled trial involving patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction, treatment with Qiliqiangxin, a traditional Chinese medicine derived from 11 types of plants, decreased the incidence of cardiac events, as compared to placebo.

Fluoroalkyl groups are widely found in pharmaceutical products. Here, the authors report a highly enantioselective nickel-catalyzed cross coupling method for the construction of fluoromethylated stereogenic centers via a highly reactive zincate species facilitating the transmetalation step in the nickel catalytic cycle.

Alkenylpyridines are versatile building blocks for the synthesis of drugs and other complex molecular structures. Here, the authors show a branch-selective pyridylation of alkenes via sulfinate-assisted photoredox catalysis and showcase its utility in an expedient synthesis of Triprolidine.

Converting alkynes into alkenes with high stereoselectivity via two consecutive C-C bond forming steps is a desirable process, yet very challenging. Here, the authors describe a dual photoredox-nickel catalytic system for the regio- and syn-selective alkylarylation of terminal alkynes with alkyl oxalates and aryl bromides.

Type I-E CRISPR–Cas system is one of the most extensively studied RNA-guided adaptive immune systems in prokaryotes. Here, The authors present structures of the Candidatus Cloacimonetes Cas5-HNH/Cascade, with insights into the assembly and activation of this complex.

This study reveals the structural evolution of PtCu/MgO catalysts from a PtCu alloy to a PtCu alloy with CuO_x under redox conditions which is found to exhibit distinct effects between CuO_x and PtCu alloy at different temperatures during CO oxidation.

Large-scale longitudinal analyses reveal considerable inequities in healthy working life expectancy (the average number of years spent healthy and in work from age 50 years) across Chinese populations by gender, occupation and region.

Chiral-at-cage o-carboranes are clusters of carbon and boron atoms that, when functionalized, can lower the symmetry of the cluster. Here the authors present a method to alkenylate B–H bonds on ocarboranes enantioselectively via iridium catalysis.

Thermoanaerobacter kivui-drived CO₂ reductase (TkHDCR) requires hydrogen as substrate, which can lead to safety issue. Here, the authors engineered TkHDCR into an electro-responsive carbon dioxide reductase to harvest electrons from either an external mediator or a polarized electroactive surface.

The alkali-metal electrolytes often used in electrocatalytic CO₂ reduction can lead to problematic carbonate formation and salt precipitation. Here, the authors demonstrate a scaled-up system for CO₂ reduction that uses both anion-exchange and proton-exchange membranes, allowing alkali-cation-free water to be used as a feed, with resulting stable operation.

The development of neutral hydrogen evolution catalysts is challenging due to their sluggish kinetics. Here the authors report H_xWO₃ support which acts as proton sponge to create a local acid-like microenvironment around Ir sites, realizing acid-like hydrogen evolution rate in neutral media.

O-Sulfation is a vital post-translational modification in bioactive molecules, yet there are significant challenges for the synthesis. Here, the authors report a general and robust approach to O-sulfation by harnessing the tunable reactivity of dimethyl sulfate or diisopropyl sulfate under tetrabutylammonium bisulfate activation.

The progression of oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) from early to advanced stages requires comprehensive molecular characterisation. Here, the authors perform a proteogenomics analysis of ESCC patient samples across nine histopathological stages and three phases, identifying key alterations and paths for progression.

Cross talk between periphery and the central nervous system may contribute to stress associated behaviours. Here the authors identified liver-derived lipocalin 2 as a peripheral factor that elicits anxiety-like behaviours via modulating medial prefrontal neural activity.

The authors present a single-shot 3D imaging approach utilizing carefully designed point clouds projection based on a metasurface device. They show submillimeter depth accuracy and demonstrate the potential for hand gesture detection.

Synthetic methods to access unsymmetrical polysulfides are limited despite their high biological relevance. Here, the authors disclose a polysulfurating reagent affording unsymmetrical di- and tri-sulfides under mild conditions, and suitable for late-stage modification of natural products.

Medium-sized-ring compounds are challenging synthetic targets in organic chemistry. Here the authors report an intramolecular dearomative [5 + 4] cycloaddition of naphthalene-derived vinylcyclopropanes to construct these molecules under visible-light irradiation and a proper triplet photosensitizer.