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Electrolyte interactions critically govern battery performance yet lack precise design principles. The authors introduce interaction motif descriptors to design an electrolyte enabling 99.7% Li-metal Coulombic efficiency for 4.5 V batteries.

Fabricating high-performance perovskite solar cells under ambient conditions — without strict humidity or atmospheric controls — paves the way for scalable, low-cost photovoltaics. However, achieving such fabrication requires deeper materials insights into how moisture and oxygen influence precursor solution chemistry and guide perovskite film crystallization.

The authors resolved large scale fresh and recirculated submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) and their associated nutrient fluxes in China’s coastal seas, revealing a dominant role of SGD in nutrient budgets.

In this study, the authors show that nanovaccines co-delivering EBV antigens and molecular adjuvants generate high levels of neutralizing antibodies targeting vulnerable EBV sites of gHgL, gB and gp42. Antibodies elicited by cocktail nanovaccine immunization provide durable protection against EBV-associated lymphoma.

Oncolytic viruses have been tested in patients with malignant glioma, however clinical efficacy remains limited. Here the authors report the results of a phase I trial of Ad-TD-nsIL12, an oncolytic adenovirus expressing a mutant (non-secreting) form of IL12, in patients with high-grade glioma.

Batteries generally do not perform well at extreme temperatures, and electrolytes are mainly to blame. Here, the authors dissolve fluorinated electrolytes in highly fluorinated non-polar solvents, enabling batteries that can operate at a wide temperature range (−125 to +70 °C).

The growth of dendrites and the occurrence of side reactions at zinc anodes currently impede the practical use of aqueous zinc batteries. Here, the authors present an advanced substrate screening approach aimed at stabilizing zinc anodes, thereby enabling the development of high-rate zinc-metal batteries.

Conventional Li-ion battery electrolytes often show sluggish kinetics and severe degradation due to high Li⁺ desolvation energies and poor compatibility. Now, a molecular-docking strategy between solvents and inducers has been shown to enable dynamic Li⁺ coordination that promotes fast, stable and high-voltage lithium battery chemistries.

This work offers a convenient method (solvent-assisted dispersion) for assembling liquid metals with MXene and other low-dimensional materials, paving a path for the development of multifunctional soft devices.

Hepatitis B virus is an ancient human pathogen that dates back more than 10,000 years. Here, the authors investigate the evolutionary history of the virus in Eastern Eurasia by sequencing 34 genomes dating from approximately 400–5,000 years ago and comparing them with other contemporary sequences.

Here the authors show that immune cell exclusion and immunosuppression in the melanoma microenviromment are driven by nerve growth factor interactions with tropomyosin receptor kinase A on melanoma cells and that a tropomyosin receptor kinase inhibitor can sensitize these tumors to immune checkpoint blockade.

A co-adsorbent is used to achieve a uniform self-assembled phosphonic acid monolayer on a textured substrate, leading to more efficient inverted perovskite solar cells.

Hydrogen isotope effect in metal-hydrogen systems disturbs precise Deuterium/Tritium (D/T) ratio control. Here, the authors demonstrate a local coordination strategy that comprises thermodynamic destabilization with vibration enhancement of interstitial isotopes for isotope engineering.

An electrolyte design using small-sized fluoroacetonitrile solvents to form a ligand channel produces lithium-ion batteries simultaneously achieving high energy density, fast charging and wide operating temperature range, desirable features for batteries working in extreme conditions.

Current data on the national distribution of diabetic retinopathy (DR) is lacking. Here, the authors show the national distribution, associated multi-level factors, and visual impairment of DR and vision-threatening DR in Chinese adults with diabetes.

Some patients with COVID-19 fail to clear the viral infection quickly, yet our understanding for the underlying immune characteristics is still lacking. Here the authors use single-cell RNA sequencing and other data form such patients to show that persistent infection is associated with immune suppression and reduced expression of ribosomal protein genes.

This paper finds that the winter sea-ice over the Barents-Kara Seas has exhibited strengthened interannual variations in recent decades likely due to increased amplitudes of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation in a warming climate.

The parasitic reactions at the electrolyte/electrode interfaces inhibit the increase of the charging cut-off voltage and the improvement of energy density. Herein, the authors design multifunctional solvent molecules and propose a practical design principle to stabilize the electrolyte/electrode interfaces for high-voltage Li ion batteries.

Immune cells produce reactive oxygen species (ROS) to eliminate pathogens, but cell-spontaneous death and ageing may also be induced. Here the authors show that, upon sensing ROS, Mst1/2 kinases modulate the activity of Nrf2 transcription factor and downstream genetic programs to protect mouse macrophages from death and ageing.

Studying the condensation of proteins into membraneless organelles in live cells is highly challenging. Here the authors develop a fluorescence lifetime imaging approach to monitor the condensation of proteins in nuclear organelles and report coordinated and cyclic changes in several nuclear organelles.

The mechanistic details of fatty acid uptake into cells remains poorly understood. Here, the authors identify CD36 internalization via cavaeolae and demonstrate dynamic palmitoylationof CD36 is required for endocytic uptake of fatty acids.

In this study, the authors present a genomic surveillance of avian influenza genomes sampled from live poultry markets in China. They report that a number of variants have emerged since 2016 that pose an increased risk to humans. They highlight the importance of continuous genome surveillance of circulating influenza strains.

Albumin conjugates can enhance drug delivery. Here, the authors repurpose albumin-binding Evans blue to develop nanovaccines that co-deliver adjuvants and tumor neoantigens to antigen-presenting cells in lymph nodes, resulting in potent and durable antitumour immunity in combination immunotherapy.

Synthetic framework materials are appealing candidates for the fabrication of separation membranes but realizing precise control of aperture distribution and separation threshold remains challenging. Here, the authors show a two-dimensional processible supramolecular framework which can be used in the fabrication of separation membranes by integrating directional organic host-guest motifs and inorganic functional polyanionic clusters.

Chloroplast proteins are synthesized in the cytosol and imported into the chloroplast before being delivered to the thylakoids. The authors report that an ankyrin-repeat protein, LTD, is essential for the routing of chlorophyll-binding proteins to the signal recognition particle pathway.

Porous materials show potential in various technological fields but processing of these materials remains challenging which hampers their application. Here the authors demonstrate an organic/inorganic framework composed of a supramolecular gel as processable porous material.

Hippo signaling controls cell and tissue growth. Geng et al. show that Hippo signaling is required for T_H17 cell differentiation but inhibits T_reg cell differentiation.

In flowering plants, the pollen coat surrounds the male germ cells and protects against dehydration, damage and pathogen attack. Here, the authors show that a deficiency in terpenoid synthesis results in rice pollen over-dehydration and leads to a humidity-sensitive conditional male sterile phenotype.

This is one of two papers demonstrating that in several cancer types including ovarian cancer and T-cell leukaemias, the apoptosis regulator MCL1 is targeted for degradation by the FBW7 tumour suppressor. This study finds that this mechanism can determine the response to drugs targeting BCL2 family apoptosis factors. Deletion or mutation of FBW7 found in cancer patients therefore can render tumours resistant to these therapies.

The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) has global climatic implications, necessitating understanding of its observed and projected changes. This Review brings together knowledge of ENSO in a warming climate, revealing projected increases in ENSO magnitude, as well as ENSO-related rainfall and sea surface temperature variability.