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With their misuse potential, there is a need to understand the global consumption of gabapentinoids. Here, authors show a + 17.20% worldwide average annual increase in consumption of gabapentinoids from 2008 to 2018.

Andrew Morris, Mark McCarthy, Michael Boehnke and colleagues report a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for type 2 diabetes, including 26,488 cases and 83,964 controls from populations of European, east Asian, south Asian and Mexican and Mexican American ancestry. They identify seven loci newly associated with type 2 diabetes and examine the genetic architecture of disease across populations.

Lee et al. identify a positive relationship between life stress and current psychological symptoms in individuals with low, but not high, cortisol response and positive affectivity.

Zhu and colleagues identify GREMLIN1 as an FGFR1 ligand that promotes plasticity and castration resistance in prostate cancer through regulation of MAPK signaling, and show that anti-GREMLIN1 antibody therapy synergizes with androgen deprivation.

Hong Kong experienced a severe wave of SARS-CoV-2 in early 2022. Here, the authors use genomic and serosurveillance data and show that this wave was dominated by the Omicron BA.2 sublineage, and that low protective immunity, particularly in older age groups, contributed to its severity.

Atomically precise metal nanoclusters provide an ideal platform for studying chirality at the nanoscale. Here, the authors use a phosphoramidite ligand as a chiral inducer to asymmetrically transform achiral into chiral gold nanoclusters with negative nonlinear CD-ee dependence.

Investigation of variation in three cohorts has identified multiple genetic signals associated with the pregnancy-specific liver disorder, intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy, giving insight into the disease which can cause preterm birth and stillbirth.

A deep-learning algorithm that removes patient-identifying information from facial images, while retaining sufficient information for accurate disease diagnosis, has the potential to protect patient privacy and facilitate public acceptance of facial imaging for use in digital medicine.

In liver cancer, the presence of tumour-initiating cell subsets are associated with poorer prognosis and chemotherapy resistance in liver cancer. Here, the authors show that upon treatment with 5-FU or cisplatin, this subset releases SPINK1 which binds EGFR, activating the ERK-CDK4/6-E2F2 signaling cascade and resulting in chemoresistance.

There are adverse events associated with COVID-19 vaccines, such as myocarditis for adolescents following receipt of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines. Here the authors compare the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of two widely available SARS-CoV-2 vaccines (BNT162b2, an mRNA vaccine, and CoronaVac, a whole-virus inactivated vaccine) in healthy adolescents.

Extracellular vesicles are released from cells and permit communication between different cell types. Here, the authors identify that the FDA approved antibiotic sulfisoxazole, can block the release of these vesicles in breast cancer cells resulting in reduced cell growth in vitro and in vivo.

Photovoltaic devices based on 2D materials still suffer from low quantum efficiencies due to interfacial charge recombination and inefficient contacts. Here, the authors design photovoltaic detectors and photodiodes based on MoS₂ and doped AsP heterojunction with unilateral depletion region reporting high external quantum efficiency of 71% under zero applied bias.

Performing a small-molecule screen, Liu et al. identify IRAK as a regulator of PIDDosome activity and tumour radioresistance, and demonstrate a synergistic effect of targeting IRAK1 and PIN1 in response to ionizing radiation.

Whole-genome sequencing and phenotype data sharing are introduced in a national health system to streamline diagnosis and to discover coding and non-coding variants that cause rare diseases.

Two-dimensional electronic systems in few-layer black arsenic show gate-tunable Rashba bands with unique spin–valley flavours and unconventional quantum Hall states due to synergetic spin–orbit coupling and the Stark effect.

Sequencing data from two large-scale studies show that most of the genetic variation influencing the risk of type 2 diabetes involves common alleles and is found in regions previously identified by genome-wide association studies, clarifying the genetic architecture of this disease.

A case–control study investigating the causes of recent cases of acute hepatitis of unknown aetiology in 32 children identifies an association between adeno-associated virus infection and host genetics in disease susceptibility.

Antibiotic-producing organisms need to co-evolve self-protection mechanisms to avoid any damage to themselves caused by the antibiotic pharmacophore (the reactive part of the compound). In this study, the authors report a self-defense strategy in naphthyridinomycin (NDM)-producing Streptomyces lusitanus, that comprises reductive inactivation of the hemiaminal pharmacophore by short-chain dehydrogenases/reductases (SDRs) NapW and HomW.

Whole-genome sequencing analysis of individuals with primary immunodeficiency identifies new candidate disease-associated genes and shows how the interplay between genetic variants can explain the variable penetrance and complexity of the disease.

In this study, the authors report the development of an inhalable IgM-like ACE2 and show that it broadly neutralizes SARS-CoV-2 variants, lowers viral loads and lung pathology in hamsters when administered early, and has good safety profiles in rats and monkeys.

The authors show a universal metasurface antenna capable of simultaneously and independently controlling all five fundamental properties of electromagnetic waves, including amplitude, phase, frequency, polarization, and momentum.

Guanylate-binding proteins (GBP) have a function in inflammasome formation and pathogen defence. Here the authors show that these GBP proteins are able to kill certain bacteria and promote selective inflammasome activation and that this is mediated by specific GBP protein regions.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) lacks effective diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, in particular at advanced stages. Here, the authors show that expression of the somatostatin receptor 2 is induced by Epstein-Barr virus in NPC and has a key role in the diagnosis, imaging, targeted therapies and prognosis of NPC.

Mimicking high-level abstraction of the brain to achieve energy advantages is a fundamental issue in neuromorphic computing. Here, the authors fabricate an asynchronous chip and demonstrate a high-accuracy neuromorphic system with power consumption of 0.7mW.

Low-intensity ultrasound can be used for neuromodulation in vivo, but it has poor spatial confinement and can result in unwanted cochlear pathway activation. Here the authors use the optoacoustic effect to generate spatially confined ultrasound waves to activate neurons within a 500 μm radius in the mouse brain.

SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses are identified in Malayan pangolins (Manis javanica); these pangolin-associated coronaviruses belonged to two sub-lineages of SARS-CoV-2-related coronaviruses, including one that exhibits strong similarity in the receptor-binding ___domain to SARS-CoV-2.

Here the authors delineate the dynamic changes in 3D genome and epigenome of differentiating macrophages and during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. They reveal a role for NF-κB upon infection and identify SNPs in disease-susceptible loci, including rs1873613 that is located in the anchor of a dynamic chromatin loop.

Both rare and common variants contribute to the aetiology of complex traits such as type 2 diabetes (T2D). Here, the authors examine the effect of coding variation on glycaemic traits and T2D, and identify low-frequency variation in GLP1Rsignificantly associated with these traits.

Methanol is an important industrial chemical and liquid fuel, and is usually produced by the syn-gas route from natural gas. Wuet al. develop a new catalytic process that directly converts ethylene glycol, derived from biomass or fossil fuels, to methanol in hydrogen using a Pd/Fe₂O₃co-precipitated catalyst.

While Silicon is widely used for electronic devices, its band-gap limits its use for infrared detection. Here, Zheng et al present a method for overcoming this limitation, by integrating colloidal quantum dots, with the resulting structure exhibiting high sensitivity to infrared radiation.

Due to its stability nitrogen is often employed as an inert gas during catalytic reactions. Now, a study shows that N₂ can act as promoter for the catalytic hydrodeoxygenation of p-cresol on supported ruthenium catalysts through the formation of hydrogenated nitrogen species acting as a source of protic hydrogen.

Combinatorial perturbation of schizophrenia risk loci in human induced pluripotent stem cell–derived neuronal cells demonstrates a synergistic effect converging on synaptic function.

Analysis of two homologous groups of fungal pericyclases demonstrates how they can catalyse either an Alder-ene reaction—which has not previously been found in nature—or a hetero-Diels–Alder reaction.

A screen of the ReFRAME library of approximately 12,000 known drugs for antiviral activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) identified several candidate compounds with suitable activities and pharmacological profiles, which could potentially expedite the deployment of therapies for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).

Suet Yi Leung, Mao Mao and colleagues report whole-genome sequencing of 100 gastric cancers and DNA copy number, gene expression and methylation profiling of these tumors. They identify new recurrently mutated genes and find mutation of RHOA in 14% of diffuse-type gastric cancers.