Yang, Cui, Zhang et al. report an optogenetic nanosystem which controls the secretion of immune factors by engineered light-responsive bacteria for systemic immunity regulation. On shining NIR light on mice’s stomach, blue light emission from upconversion rods induce excretion of TGF-β1 and IFN-γ from the bacteria, thereby suppressing intestinal inflammatory response or slowing down progress of subcutaneously transplanted tumour, respectively.
- Chun Yang
- Meihui Cui
- Hanjie Wang
