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Fluorophores typically emit either in solution or in solid state due to several distinct effects. Here, the authors design a single-benzene fluorophore with efficient emission in both phases, enabling applications in photocatalysis and optical waveguiding.

Zhang et al. show that the activation of RIPK1 is suppressed by acetylhypusination in a spermidine-dependent manner. Disruption of this axis contributes to RIPK1-mediated vascular pathology to promote insulin resistance and diabetic kidney pathology.

MassCube improves data processing for nontargeted metabolomics LC-MS/MS analyses. Its peak detection achieves 100% signal coverage and outperforms other software for speed, isomer detection, and accuracy, benchmarked against past studies and new types of MS/MS data.

The function and regulatory mechanism of mRNA acetylation modification in cancer progression remains largely unknown. Here the authors identify that targeting tumor N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C) RNA acetyltransferase NAT10 improves anti-tumor response via MYC/CDK2/DNMT1/dsRNA/type I IFN pathway, and show the synergic anti-tumor effect of NAT10 inhibition with aPD-1.

Monomethylation of histone H4 lysine 20 (H4K20me1) contributes to DNA replication but the mechanism is not well understood. Here, the authors identify a conserved tandem Tudor ___domain of BAHCC1 as a H4K20me1-specific reader, which promotes the recruitment of MCM complex to chromatin for efficient DNA replication.

An integrated smart capsule that encapsulates an array of electrochemical sensors can provide real-time, continuous and multiplexed monitoring of the gastrointestinal tract.

Induction of hypothermia during hibernation/torpor enables certain mammals to survive under extreme conditions. Here, the authors show that the natural product P57 induces hypothermia by targeting pyridoxal kinase and has a potential application in therapeutic hypothermia.

Arginine addiction induced by argininosuccinate synthase (ASSN1) deficiency has been exploited to treat ASS1-deficient cancers. Here, the authors show an alternative therapeutic approach where ASS1 activity is increased by the pesticide spinosyn A and is shown to inhibit breast cancer cell proliferation.

The role of vascular plasticity in brain function remains poorly understood. Here, the authors demonstrate that a significant portion of blood vessels in the adult brain periodically occlude and regress, a process that is associated with a reduction in neuronal activity.

Acrolein, a byproduct of polyamine metabolism and chemotherapeutic agents, is also found in cigarette smoke. Here the authors report that acrolein mediates spermine-induced ferroptosis, while in ferroptosis-resistant cancer cells, acrolein suppresses necroptosis by inhibiting the oligomerization of MLKL, contributing to chemotherapy resistance.

Safe electrolytes for wide temperature applications of lithium metal batteries are highly demanded. Here, authors develop an ether-based electrolyte with 1,3,5-trioxane additive which renders thermoresponsivity, enabling lithium metal batteries in the range of −60 to 60 °C.

The mechanisms whereby METH yields strong addiction potential is not fully understood. Here, authors show that METH may impair the function of the endogenous OXT system, particularly the PVN^OXT-NAc core pathway, suggesting OXT-based therapies for METH use disorder (MUD).

Chronic care manages long-term, progressive conditions, while acute care handles short-term ones. Here, authors show chronic conditions account for most of the global health burden, with 68% of DALYs and 93% of YLDs attributed to chronic care needs.

Epstein-Barr virus is associated with increased cancer risk. Here, the authors analysed two population-based prospective cohorts in Southern China to examine the association between increased seropositivity and the risk of multiple cancer types.

A method for acetylome profiling requiring a low quantity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) was developed, revealing a significant reduction in H4K77ac in aged HSCs, associated with decreased lymphocyte differentiation potential.

Allele-preferential transcription factor binding can influence pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma risk loci function. Here, the authors show allele-specific JunB and JunD binding at chr1p36.33 and propose a role for KLHL17 in protein homeostasis by mitigating inflammation.

TNF inhibitor (TNFi) has been used to manage active inflammation in ankylosing spondylitis (AS), but not all patients respond. Here, through longitudinal and multi-omics profiling, the authors show that elevated type-I IFN signature and allograft inflammatory factor-1 expression at baseline inversely correlate with TNFi responsiveness in AS patients.

Ectoparasites activate prefrontal microglia via the skin–brain axis, damaging GABAergic neurons and reducing host exploration. This limits host distribution and may help ectoparasites avoid environmental pressures.

Targeted degradation has the potential to treat diseases associated with pathological protein build up. Here, the authors report on an oligo-PROTAC which degrades FUS, a protein associated with frontotemporal dementia, demonstrating delivery on DNA nanoflowers for increase blood-brain barrier crossing and retention.

Long-read chromatin assay reveals (1) a novel class of accessible chromatin regions, (2) accessibility within individual LTR retrotransposons and (3) the relationship between diffuse accessibility, gene body methylation and hAT transposon insertion.

This study identifies a positive-feedback loop between the ACC and the VTA that mediates the mutual exacerbation between hyperalgesia and comorbid anxiodepressive-like behaviors and, thereby, the chronicity of neuropathic pain.

The molecular mechanism between each progesterone receptor (PR) isoform and oncogenic co-regulators SRC3 and p300 is poorly understood. Here, the authors report PR isoform-specific interactions with these co-regulators and antagonist-driven protein interactions, challenging the classical model of nuclear receptor activation.

Tissue aging is associated with pro-fibrotic changes and stiffening of the extracellular matrix. Here the authors present FiNi-seq, a method that enriches fibrotic tissue based on its physical properties and thus captures aging-associated cell types. The study characterizes early fibrotic changes in liver tissue.

Mechanistic understanding of cancer drug resistance is often fragmented. Here, the authors use the proteome-wide Cellular Thermal Shift Assay, revealing drug-induced resistance responses encompassing activation of translation synthesis and a protein ensemble labelled the Auxiliary DNA Damage Repair.

In this study, the authors mutate histone H3.3 K9 and K27 residues, demonstrating their importance in maintaining repressive chromatin states at endogenous retrovirus-derived cryptic enhancers and bivalent promoters in mouse embryonic stem cells.

The mechanism of lipoprotein sorting to the bacterial cell surface is still unclear. Here, authors determine the crystal structures of paLptDE-LptM and apo-paLptDE, providing insights into how SLPs are transported to the cell surface via LptDE.

Interferon-γ (IFNγ)-activated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CAMK2) phosphorylates phosphoserine aminotransferase 1 (PSAT1) at serine 337 (S337), enabling glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) interaction, promoting α-ketoglutarate-dependent PHD3-mediated GPX4 proline 159 (P159) hydroxylation and stabilizing GPX4 to counteract ferroptosis.

Subtyping of non-small cell lung cancer can be challenging based on pathology. Here, the authors utilise multi-omics analysis of 229 patients to identify further subtypes, and altered immune composition between subtypes.

Dopamine release in the striatum has important roles in action selection and in disorders such as Parkinson’s disease. The authors here show that short-term plasticity of dopamine release is strongly determined by axonal activation and dopamine transporters.

Hierarchical ZSM-5 boosts fatty acid hydrodeoxygenation by compartmentalization of catalytic sites. Separating acid sites within micropores and metal nanoparticles in mesopores provides control over the reaction and reduces unwanted side reactions.

The naïve CD4 T cell compartment is traditionally deemed as homogenous. Here, by leveraging scRNA-seq analysis, the authors reveal the role of naive CD4 T cell heterogeneity in disease states and therapeutic outcomes by characterizing a Th1-poised naive CD4 T cell subpopulation, linked to anti-tumor immunity in mice and responsiveness to anti-PD-1 therapy in humans.

The autoimmune disorder, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), has been associated with multiple pathophysiological factors. Here the authors show that deficiency in endophilin A2 in rodents protects them from experimental arthritis by altering T cell activation threshold and effector functions, thereby hinting a potential target for RA therapy.

Protein homeostasis is tightly regulated in developing sperm, which cease transcription during later stages of differentiation. Here they show that UBL7 can regulate the ubiquitin-proteasome system to safeguard key proteins during spermatogenesis.

Youn et al. unveil two regulatory events that link translation and metabolism in beige adipocyte: attenuated translation of OXPHOS genes modulating mitochondrial activities and elevated ribosome pauses responding to intracellular glutamate decrease.

The authors reveal a conserved mechanism through which the nutrient sensor PKA phosphorylates Rpd3/HDAC1 to inhibit its ability to deacetylate SAGA complex and enhance nucleosome acetylation, promoting metabolic reprogramming and cell growth.

Urinary proteomics offers sensitive, non-invasive biomarkers, but cross-platform LC-MS data comparability requires investigation. Here, the authors evaluate 20 LC-MS platforms, developing MSCohort, a QC system with 81 metrics, and a unified SOP, paving the way for precision medicine research.

This study identifies lineage-specific XEG1/XLP1 gene pair in the genus Phytophthora, revealing that selective pressure on these genes drives functional differentiation. This selection is closely linked to the host range and adaptability of Phytophthora species.

Low level of pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2) activity in cancer cells is essential for the dependence on aerobic glycolysis. Here the authors show that PKM2 sulfhydration by hydrogen sulfide destabilizes the PKM2 tetramer, leading to reduced PKM2 enzyme activity and enhanced proliferation of breast cancer cells.

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) couple feed-fast cycles to circadian clocks. Here, the authors systematically profile daily rhythms of the proteome, 4 PTMs and lipidome in mouse livers under TRF, providing a comprehensive resource detailing rhythmic liver functions shaped by meal timing.

Hefzi et al. engineer cells to nearly eliminate lactate production and increase mitochondrial use of pyruvate by deleting both lactate dehydrogenases and pyruvate dehydrogenase kinases with the goal of circumventing pH and osmolarity issues that arise in bioreactor-based production of biopharmaceuticals.

Tao et al. show that epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor activation enhances thymidine kinase 1 expression through ERK phosphorylation and deubiquitylation mediated by ubiquitin carboxyl-terminal hydrolase 9X, thus enhancing enzyme activity-dependent DNA synthesis and enzyme activity-independent glycolysis.

Here the authors show that, when phosphorylated at Tyr34, THEMIS behaves as an allosteric activator to phosphatase SHP1, ensuring appropriate negative regulation of T cell antigen receptor signaling and thus assisting in T cell maturation and expansion.

Systematic analysis from the Global Burden of Disease study reported that, despite global improvements from 1990 to 2021, dietary iron deficiency-associated disease burden remains high in women, children and residents in low socio-demographic index countries.

Animals detect microbiomes through smell, aiding communication, group recognition, and behavior. Here with Drosophila model, the authors show that airway and gut cells can sense microbiome-emitted scents independently of smell, promoting host growth.