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Fucoidan is a sulfated glycan with anticoagulant properties, but its structural complexity and heterogeneity hinders understanding of its structure-activity relationship. Here, the authors synthesize a diverse library of 58 distinct fucoidans with multiple contiguous 1,2-cis glycosidic bonds and various sulfation patterns, and investigate their anticoagulant activity.

Second-generation oxidation boosts the production of anthropogenic organic aerosol, according to an analysis of urban haze in an experimental chamber.

While the list of van der Waals magnetic materials has expanded considerably over the last few years, these are still typically limited to low temperatures. Here, Wu et al report wafer scale growth, and robust room temperature ferromagnetism in Fe3GaTe2.

This study shows in lab experiments that weathering of microplastics enhances their ability to act as ice-nucleating particles. Sunlight exposure alters their surface properties, increasing water uptake and promoting ice nucleation under atmospheric conditions.

Chips with 256 × 256 memristor arrays that were monolithically integrated on complementary metal–oxide–semiconductor (CMOS) circuits in a commercial foundry achieved 2,048 conductance levels in individual memristors.

Natural adhesives have received a lot of attention recently. Here, the authors develop a natural biological adhesive from snail mucus that can adhere to wet tissue and be used to accelerate healing of skin wounds.

Hydronium ions bordering cancer cells are highly concentrated into a small extracellular region, and in tumour tissue such severely polarized acidity correlates with the expression of monocarboxylate transporters and with the exclusion of cytotoxic T cells.

Organic nonlinear optical materials have potential in applications such as bioimaging, but tend to have low photoluminescent quantum yields and are prone to aggregation-caused quenching. Here, the authors report a host-guest approach for improving the luminescent properties of these materials.

Post-translational modifications of tubulins regulate microtubule properties and neural development. Here, the authors report that one such post-translational modification, α-TubK40me3, is required for neuronal polarization and migration by promoting microtubule formation.

Sprod accurately denoises spatially resolved transcriptomics data and improves downstream analysis results.

Pigs are important large animal models for biomedical research. Here, the authors construct a single-cell landscape of pig tissues, unravelling the phenotypic heterogeneity of blood endothelial cells in adipose tissues and the evolutionally conserved regulons of microglia in brains.

The structure of vaterite has been debated for a century. Combining systematic TEM characterisations, crystallographic analysis, and machine learning aided molecular dynamics simulations, the authors unlock the structural mystery in vaterite.

Spectroscopic study on a kagome magnet thin film uncovers the local-moment nature of the magnetism in the presence of topological flat bands, as well as a strong spin- and orbital-selective electronic correlation effect.

This study shows that rather than high thermodynamic stability, specific length and structure enable regulatory mRNA stem-loops to pause translation. These findings aid identification of new regulatory mRNA stem-loops.

Measurements in the CLOUD chamber at CERN show that the rapid condensation of ammonia and nitric acid vapours could be important for the formation and survival of new particles in wintertime urban conditions, contributing to urban smog.

Platelets derive from megakaryocytes, which differentiate from hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells (HSPCs). Here, Qu et al show that platelet-derived microparticles carrying miR-1915-3p target HSPCs and promote megakaryopoiesis by suppressing RHOB expression levels.

The controlled manipulation of the topological phases of electronic materials is a central goal of modern condensed matter research. Here, the authors demonstrate controllable switching between two distinct topological phases in a layered ferromagnet via thermal cycling.

Sensory nerves are important for tissue homeostasis. Here the authors show that sensory nerves contribute to Mesenchymal stem cell maintenance via FGF1, mTOR signaling and autophagy.

In this study, Patrick et al. provide insight into the regulation of branched-chain amino acid metabolism and its impact on whole-body physiology by identifying and characterizing a metabolon formation.

Iodic acid (HIO₃) forms aerosols very efficiently, but its gas-phase formation mechanism is not well understood. Atmospheric simulation chamber experiments, quantum chemical calculations and kinetic modelling have now revealed that HIO₃ forms as an early iodine oxidation product from hypoiodite. The mechanism explains field measurements and suggests a catalytic role for iodine in particle formation.

The role of PD-L1 expression on tumor-infiltrating immune cells in promoting tumor immune escape is not fully understood. Here, the authors show that PD-L1 expression by dendritic cells plays a crucial role in hindering anti-tumor T cell responses and is essential for the therapeutic efficacy of PD-L1 blockade.

Observations of strong electron correlation effects have been mostly confined to compounds containing f orbital electrons. Now, the study of the 3d pyrochlore metal CuV₂S₄ reveals that similar effects can be induced by flat-band engineering.

The development of hydropower offers a renewable energy source that can help reduce society’s dependence on fossil fuels. A global assessment of the unused profitable hydropower potential can be performed by incorporating strict constraints to identify hydropower station locations with reduced environmental and societal impacts.

The observation of band structure features typical of the kagome lattice in FeGe suggests that an interplay of magnetism and electronic correlations determines the physics of this material.

Tumor–normal paired DNA samples from a breast cancer cell line and a matched lymphoblastoid cell line enable calibration of clinical sequencing pipelines and benchmarking ‘tumor-only’ or ‘matched tumor–normal’ analyses.

Analysis of the antiferromagnetic ordered phase of kagome lattice FeGe suggests that charge density wave is the result of a combination of electronic-correlations-driven antiferromagnetic order and instability driven by van Hove singularities.

Microbial communities are more stable and associated with soil multifunctionality during the freeze-thaw stage compared to non-freeze-thaw stage, according to analysis of soil parameters and microbiome data in permafrost of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

The freezing of liquid water, ubiquitous in nature, is a complex process that is accelerated by ice nucleating agents such as silver iodide. Using molecular dynamics simulations, the authors show that dipolar interaction with an irregular substrate leads to the formation of specific ice structures that reveal an unconventional nucleation pathway.