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Unlike that in plants, fungi, and marine animals, bacteria are vastly underrepresented in the production of terpenoids. Here, the authors report a systematic screening of terpene synthases from bacteria and identify three new skeletons that are not found in other organisms.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Here, the authors performed plasma proteomics and metabolomics analysis and identify the vinculin (VCL) pathway as a key mediator of lung exudation in SARS-CoV-2 infections, particularly associated with Omicron infection. In a mouse model of infection inhibition of VCL leads to reduced lung pathology.

The development of carbonylative reactions with CO gas under mild conditions are important in organic synthesis. Here, the authors demonstrate an earth-abundant nickel-catalyzed three-component tandem acylzincation/cyclization sequence of allene and alkylzinc reagent with 1 atm of CO.’

Chen et al. present a deep learning-based lead optimization model that combines generative artificial intelligence with structure-based approaches. The method is successfully applied to the design of drug-like molecules targeting the recently identified LTK protein target with high potency and selectivity.

Oncolytic viruses have been tested in patients with malignant glioma, however clinical efficacy remains limited. Here the authors report the results of a phase I trial of Ad-TD-nsIL12, an oncolytic adenovirus expressing a mutant (non-secreting) form of IL12, in patients with high-grade glioma.

In a prespecified interim analysis of the randomized, double-blind phase 3 COMPASSION-15 trial, patients with advanced HER2-negative gastric/GEJ cancer treated with the anti-PD-L1/CTLA-4 bispecific Ab cadonilimab plus chemotherapy showed significantly improved overall survival compared with patients treated with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment.

Yang et al. show an age-related increase in the microbial-derived metabolite phenylacetylglutamine that drives host cellular senescence by inducing DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction via ADR–AMPK signaling.

This study introduces a ChickenGTEx atlas of regulatory variants across 28 tissues and illustrates its utility in deciphering association signals for 39 complex traits in chickens.

Here the Authors showcase a microwave absorber design that combines semiconductive metal-organic frameworks with iron 2D layers, achieving ultra-broadband absorption in the whole 5 G frequencies and stable performance against various angles and polarizations.

Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is a tightly regulated process serving as a sustainable source of nitrogen (N) in agriculture. Here it is shown that external N sources precisely regulate N fixation efficiency by modulating iron transport in nodules of legumes.

Papillary thyroid cancers (PTC) generally have good prognosis, but their recurrence rate remains high. Here, the authors use proteogenomics and metabolomics to identify molecular features in PTC tumours and determine PTC subtypes that are associated with prognosis and potential targeted therapies.

The semileptonic decay channels of the Λc baryon can give important insights into weak interaction, but decay into a neutron, positron and electron neutrino has not been reported so far, due to difficulties in the final products’ identification. Here, the BESIII Collaboration reports its observation in e+e- collision data, exploiting machine-learning-based identification techniques.

The role of the tumor microenvironment in immunotherapy response in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma remains unclear. Here, single cell RNA and TCR sequencing of samples before and after immunotherapy highlights the role of CD8 T-cell status conversion and exhaustion induced by Macro CD5L+ in treatment response.

Epigenetic and genetic factors have a role in obesity but the role of epigenetics in this disease is unclear. Here, Liet al. investigated global DNA methylation patterns in three breeds of pigs that have different fat contents, providing a resource for the further analysis of differentially methylated gene promoters in obesity.

Clinically identified mutations in CTCF have been linked to adverse developmental outcomes. Here, the authors explore the regulatory roles of the CTCF^R567W point mutation, by introducing it into both murine models and human embryonic stem cell-derived cortical organoid models.

Harvesting biomechanical energy from cardiac motion is an attractive power source for implantable bioelectronic devices. Here, the authors report a battery-free, transcatheter, self-powered intracardiac pacemaker for the treatment of arrhythmia in large animal models.

While chemical-induced transcriptional profiles reveal drug mechanisms, inherent noise limits their utility. Here, authors present TranSiGen, a deep representation learning model that denoises and reconstructs these profiles, demonstrating its efficacy in downstream drug discovery tasks.

Chemical production of amino acids from renewable carbon sources in an energy-saving manner is highly desirable. Here, the authors report visible-light-driven, CdS nanosheets-promoted synthesis of amino acids from biomass-based feedstock and NH3 under mild reaction conditions.

Urothelial bladder cancer (UC) progression occurs as a multi-step process that leads to different kinds of lesions and subtypes. Here, the authors characterise benign and invasive lesions that occur during UC progression using proteogenomics in patient samples and show critical molecular pathways and prognostic associations.

This work develops defective MnO2 catalysts with Frustrated Lewis Pairs through a coordination number reduction strategy to enhance the aerobic oxidation of various polyols/sugars to formic acid.

Bio-degradation of poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) is an attractive tactic but requires an effective hydrolytic enzyme. Here, the authors demonstrate that cutinases are highly potent PBAT-decomposing enzymes and their mechanism is proposed based on substrate-binding mode.

Population growth in China has increased the demand for food. Combining data-driven projections with field experiments, Luo et al. find that China can achieve self-sufficiency in maize production by 2030 implementation of optimal planting density and management without expanding cropping areas.

Bioinspired architectures are desired to achieve improved mechanical properties, but challenging to achieve in metallic systems. Here the authors fabricate a Mg-Ti interpenetrating phase composite with brick-and-mortar, Bouligand, and crossed-lamellar architectures by pressureless infiltrating method.

Robust protocols for the synthesis of chiral α-tertiary amino acids remain scarce due to the challenge of constructing congested tetrasubstituted stereocentres. Now a cobalt-catalysed enantioselective aza-Barbier reaction of ketimines with various unactivated alkyl halides has been developed, forming diverse chiral α-tertiary amino esters with high enantioselectivity and excellent functional group tolerance.

The DAWN study is a phase 3 clinical trial that demonstrates effective glycemic control of dorzagliatin as an add-on therapy to metfomin in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Investigating the inner structure of baryons is important to further our understanding of the strong interaction. Here, the BESIII Collaboration extracts the absolute value of the ratio of the electric to magnetic form factors and its relative phase for e + e − → J/ψ → ΛΣ decays, enhancing the signal thanks to the vacuum polarisation effect at the J/ψ peak.

Global warming threatens food security and plant survival. This paper demonstrates that Class II TCP transcription factors are critical for specifying ovule identity and inhibiting the conversion of ovules into carpelloids under high temperature.

The gut microbiome affects systemic metabolism and is a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes. Here the authors demonstrate in a randomized controlled trial that effects of berberine, a plant alkaloid known to lower blood glucose, may be explained by the inhibition of Ruminococcus bromii mediated biotransformation of the bile acid deoxycholic acid.

Implantable medical electronic devices are limited by battery lifetime and inflexibility, but self-powered devices can harvest biomechanical energy. Here the authors demonstrate cardiac pacing and correction of sinus arrhythmia with a symbiotic cardiac pacemaker, which is an implanted self-powered pacing system powered by cardiac motion, in a swine.

The rational design of intercalation electrodes is largely confined to the optimization of redox chemistry of transition metals and oxygen. Here, the authors report the single anionic redox process in NaCrS₂ where it is sulfur rather than chromium that works as the electrochemical active species.

The sequencing and assembly of the highly polymorphic oyster genome through a combination of short reads and fosmid pooling, complemented with extensive transcriptome analysis of development and stress response and proteome analysis of the shell, provides new insight into oyster biology and adaptation to a highly changeable environment.

Carboxysomes are bacterial microcompartments encapsulating Rubisco and carbonic anhydrase for carbon fixation. Here, authors determine the organization of Rubisco and its interaction with the linker protein CsoS2 within two distant α-carboxysomes.

Cryo-electron microscopy structures of the MRGPRX2–G_i1 trimer in complex with polycationic compound 48/80 or inflammatory peptides provide insights into the sensing of cationic allergens by MRGPRX2, potentially facilitating the design of therapies to prevent unwanted pseudoallergic reactions.

The characterisation of the papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tumour microenvironment remains crucial. Here, the authors perform single-cell RNA sequencing in 11 patients and identify potential opportunities for the use of immunotherapy and its combination with anti-angiogenic therapy in PTC.

S-methyl methionine (SMM) is a key molecule in production of dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP), an important marine anti-stress compound, with roles in global nutrient cycling. Here, the authors determine the mechanism of SMM synthesis and uncover unexpected roles for SMM in archaea, CPR bacteria and animals.

Somatic hypermutation of antibodies can occur in infants but are difficult to track. Here the authors present a new method called MIDCIRS for deep quantitative repertoire sequencing with few cells, and show infants as young as 3 months can expand antibody lineage complexity in response to malaria infection.