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Xia et al. report that tumor cell-expressed paired immunoglobulin-like type 2 receptor alpha (PILRα) interacts with the T cell surface protein CD99 to suppress T cell activity, proposing PILRα targeting to enhance antitumor immune responses.

Wastewater treatment plants are important reservoirs of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs). Here, the authors analyze ARGs in a global collection of samples from wastewater treatment plants across six continents, providing insights into biotic and abiotic mechanisms that appear to control ARG diversity and distribution.

While the STING-type-I interferon pathway plays a key role in anti-tumour immunity, current direct STING agonists have limited therapeutic benefit. Here, the authors identify ENPP1 as a safer and more effective STING-modulating target than direct STING agonism, and use an AI-based drug design platform to design the ENPP1-selective inhibitor ISM5939.

This study elucidates that d-galacturonic acid and d-glucuronic acid regulate apple fruit softening by repressing MdHb1 expression through the MdMYB2/MdNAC14/MdNTL9-MdHb1 regulatory module, offering new insights into postharvest fruit quality control.

The Somatic Mosaicism across Human Tissues Network aims to create a reference catalogue of somatic mosaicism across different tissues and cells within individuals.

The mainstream passivation strategies routinely rely on crystalline materials for perovskite photovoltaics. Here, authors utilize a solid phase reaction to prepare an amorphous (lysine)₂PbI₂ layer to neutralize surface and interface defects, achieving device efficiency of over 26% for solar cells.

Asymmetric multicomponent reactions that aim to control multiple chiral centers with high selectivity in a single step remain an ongoing challenge. Here, the authors present a photoredox- and chromium-catalyzed enantioselective three-component (hetero)arylalkylation of 1,3-dienes through C-H functionalization.

Here, the authors performed plasma proteomics and metabolomics analysis and identify the vinculin (VCL) pathway as a key mediator of lung exudation in SARS-CoV-2 infections, particularly associated with Omicron infection. In a mouse model of infection inhibition of VCL leads to reduced lung pathology.

While Bell inequalities have been violated several times—mostly in photonic systems—their violations within particle physics experiments are less explored. Here, the BESIII Collaboration showcases Bell-violating nonlocal correlations between entangled hyperon pairs.

Intracellular bacterial infection triggers numerous innate immune responses. Here, Li et al. use intravital imaging to understand how L. monocytogenes invades the liver and avoids triggering neutrophil swarming.

Two mGlu3–βarr1 cryo-EM structures with 2:1 and 2:2 stoichiometries are reported, revealing that the inactive state involves mGlu3 engagement of βarr1 through phosphorylated C-terminal tail and intracellular loops.

As immune checkpoint therapy is more frequently used for cancer, side effects such as Stevens-Johson syndrome / toxic epidermal necrolysis (SJS/TEN) are becoming more common. Here the authors use single cell transcriptomics to implicate TNF and CXCL10 in recruitment of CXCR3⁺ cytotoxic T cell in SJS/TEN skin lesions.

Stimuli responsive hydrogels can be used in optical communication, but are not always as complex as required. Here, the authors report the use of 4D hydrogel morphing for gated verification of optical information.

The chemical composition of the Galactic halo star J1010+2358 shows extremely low sodium and cobalt abundances, different from most other halo stars, indicative of a very metal-poor star being seeded with elements from a pair-instability supernova.

Ferroelectric field-effect transistors based on molybdenum disulfide can be used to build an in-memory sparsity architecture in which index memory is moved next to individual synapses, creating a sparse neural network without external memory indexing.

This study examining blood transcriptomic, neuroimaging and clinical data in people with schizophrenia shows a relationship between individual variations in gene transcription, brain structure and cognitive performance.

BcABA3 catalyzes farnesyl pyrophosphate cyclization but lacks features to be recognized as a terpene cyclase. Here, authors report crystal structures of BcABA3 and homologues to reveal the molecular basis of this distinct type of enzyme.

This article presents a framework to conduct GWAS of longitudinal data where the trait of interest follows a non-linear change over time. The framework is applied to childhood BMI, identifying 13 loci with age-varying genetic effects.

Dynamic polymer materials with reversible covalent bonds can reorganize their macromolecular architectures, and thus produce a macroscopic response to the environment. Here, the authors show dynamic covalent polyureas formed by a polyaddition reaction between pyrazoles and diisocyanates at ambient temperature in the absence of a catalyst.

Aliphatic alcohols usually require pre-activation for successful functionalization of their carbon chain. Here, the authors report a silver-catalyzed δ-selective functionalization of aliphatic alcohols via Csp³-H bond cleavage under mild conditions without the need of substrate pre-activation.

It is highly desired to explore cheap, non-toxic transition metals catalysts for semihydrogenation of acetylene. Here, isolated Cu atoms anchored onto a defective nanodiamond-graphene support exhibit robust catalytic performance in acetylene semihydrogenation in comparison with supported Cu clusters.

Yang et al. show an age-related increase in the microbial-derived metabolite phenylacetylglutamine that drives host cellular senescence by inducing DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction via ADR–AMPK signaling.

Asparagales is the largest monocot order. Here, the authors produce the phylogeny of Asparagales with transcriptomic data from 455 species and investigate the evolution of genes involved with allium flavor biosynthesis.

Bin Han and colleagues report the draft genome sequence of the grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idellus, a major commercially farmed species of freshwater fish. Analyses of the grass carp genome identify lineage-specific duplications that may have contributed to the adaptation of this species to a vegetarian diet.

An X-ray signal that oscillated with a period of 85 s is inferred to arise from a rare intermediate-mass black hole tearing apart a nearby star. The signal provides constraints on the mass and spin of this black hole.

This study presents a comprehensive pipeline to profile transmembrane receptors involved in macrophage-driven inflammation in pancreatic islets during the onset of diabetes. The authors identify GPR132 as a mediator of macrophage-driven inflammation and find compounds that reduce inflammation and improve glycaemic control.

Efficient method for directly modifying endogenous plant proteins remains unavailable. Here, the authors develop a Targeted Condensation-prone-protein Degradation (TCD) strategy using a genetically-encoded degrader and show its application in controlling rice tiller number, flowering and blast resistance.

Superconducting qubits have been used to realize a quantum many-body state that is capable of universal topological quantum computation.

This study investigates optimal 4D-STEM data acquisition parameters for low-dose electron ptychography, achieving near-atomic-resolution ( ~ 2 Å) reconstruction at electron doses of ~100 e⁻/Ų on highly sensitive metal-organic framework materials.

Phase singularities are intimately related to orbital angular momentum. Direct local imaging of orbital angular momentum effects at the nanoscale remains challenging. Here, the authors demonstrate via scanning tunnelling microscopy that inter-orbital angular momentum scatterings induced by asymmetric potentials can modulate the phase singularities and induce single-wavefront dislocations.

Candidalysin is a toxin secreted by Candida albicans. Although critical for pathogenesis, its intracellular targets are not well mapped. Here, Zhang et al screen for interacting proteins and identify that candidalysin can modulate the DNA damage repair pathway to promote fungal infection.

A mixed-dimensional hot-emitter transistor based on mixed-dimensional graphene/germanium Schottky junctions uses stimulated emission of heated carriers, achieving an ultralow subthreshold swing and a high negative differential resistance.

By using scanning tunnelling microscopy and spectroscopy, researchers observe layer-dependent electronic correlations in rhombohedral graphene multilayers at 77 K, revealing the layer-enhanced low-energy flat bands and interlayer interactions.

The balance between apoptosis and autophagy is critical for normal development, proper tissue function, and disease pathogenesis. Here, the authors show previously unannotated BIRC6 domains, including a ubiquitin-like ___domain, and how it utilizes its ubiquitylation function to regulate both apoptosis and autophagy.

Blocking the mechanical sensor PIEZO1 in cytotoxic T lymphocytes strengthens their traction forces and augments their cytotoxicity against tumour cells.

By integrating split ferroelectric capacitors with complementary characteristics in the same memory cell, this architecture tackles the problem of conflicting memory requirements for training and inference, which has long plagued edge intelligence applications.

Hundreds of arthritis-associated genetic variants have been identified but in most cases their functions remain unknown. Here the authors develop a resource to reveal the effects of variants on gene expression in human synovium, and identify arthritis-related genes.

The advantage of living in cities compared with rural areas with respect to height and BMI in children and adolescents has generally become smaller globally from 1990 to 2020, except in sub-Saharan Africa.

Current liquid-based optical clearing protocols can suffer from solvent evaporation and photobleaching. Here, the authors develop a solid high-refractive-index polymer to embed mouse and human tissues for clearing and antifade high-resolution 3D imaging.

The molecular characterisation of soft tissue sarcomas (STSs) across diverse populations remains crucial. Here, the authors perform a proteomics and phosphoproteomics analysis of 272 Chinese STS patients across 12 subtypes, and obtain insights related to progression, metastasis, and immune signatures.

Here, the authors solve sequential structures of binding by the transcription activators NtcA and NtcB, showing that they cooperatively induce looping back of the promoter DNA towards RNA polymerase allowing transcription activation through a DNA looping mechanism.

The cryo-electron microscopy structure of the GPR101–Gs complex reveals the mechanism for its constitutive activity and facilitates the screening and identification of GPR101 ligands with rejuvenating potential.